2014年高考答案及解析,2014年高考题及答案

1.学渣求大神帮忙指导下14年天津理科高考选择题第8题，题目如下，希望有具体思路分析和解答过程~谢谢啦！

以下是 为大家整理的关于2014年高考英语试题及答案解析（新课标Ⅱ)的文章，供广大考生查阅！！

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标II卷

英 语

本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。考试结束后，将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。

注意事项：

1.答第I卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.选出每小题答案前，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号框,不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。

第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分40分)

阅读下列短文，从学科网每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.

A

Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, zxxk Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.

During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.

He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one. zxxk

Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can(垃圾桶)that had been left out on the footpath.

My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.

That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.

1. What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?

A. Go shopping

B. Find a house

C. Join his family

D. Take his family

2. The girl’s parents got Rashid’s phone number from_______.

A. a friend of his family

B. a Sydney policeman

C. a letter in his papers

D. a stranger in Sydney

3. What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean?

A. Showed

B. Sent out

C. Delivered

D. Gave back

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. From India to Australia.

B. Living in a a New Country.

C. Turning Trash to Treasure.

D. In Search of New Friends. zxxk

B

Since the first Earth Day in 1970,American have gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment . “We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.

But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement .Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many ,many times,” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first. According to US government reports , emissions (排放)from cars and trucks have dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9 .Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with , the world is a safer and healthier place .A kind of “Green thinking ” has become part of practices .

Great improvement has been achieved .In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs ,; today in 1995 there are about 6,600 .Advanced lights ,motors , and building designs have helped save a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution .

Twenty –five years ago , there were hardly any education programs for environment .Today , it’s hard to find a public school , university , or law school that does not have such a kind of program .” Until we do that , nothing else will change! ” say Bruce Anderson .

5 According to Anderson , before 1970, Americans had little idea about ___

A. the social movement

B. recycling techniqueszxxk

C. environmental problems

D. the importance of Earth Day

6 Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?

A. The grass –roots level

B. The business circle

C. Government officials

D. University professors

7. What have \Americans achieved in environmental protection ?

A. They have cut car emissions to the lowest

B. They have settled their environmental problems

C. They have lowered their CO levels in forty cities.

D. They have reduced pollution through effective measures .

8. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph ?

A. Education

B. Planning

C. Green living

D. CO reduction

C

One of the latest trend(趋势) in American Childcare is Chinese au pairs. Au Pair in Stamford, for example, has got increasing numbers of request for Chinese au pairs from aero to around 4,000 since 2004. And that’s true all across the country.

“I thought it would be useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age” Joseph Stocke, the managing director of s company, says of his 2-year old son. “I would at least like to give him the chance to use the language in the future,” After only six months of being cared by 25-year-old woman from China, the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions, his dad says. zxxk

Li Drake, a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota with an American husband, had another reason for looking for an au pair from China. She didn’t want her children to miss out on their roots.” Because I am Chinese, my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to(接触) the language and culture.” she says.

“Staying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sitting in a classroom,” says Suzanne Flynn, a professor in language education of Children.” But parents must understand that just one year with au pair is unlikely to produce wonders. Complete mastery demands continued learning until the age of 10 or 12.”

The popularity if au pairs from china has been strengthened by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children who want their children to learn Chinese. It is expected that American demand for au pairs will continue to rise in the next few years.

9.What does that term” au pair” in the text mean?

A. A mother raising her children on her own

B. A child learning a foreign language at home

C. A professor in language education of children

D. A young foreign woman taking care of children.

10. Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants them ______.

A. to live in China some day

B. to speak the language at home

C. to catch up wit other children

D. to learn about the Chinese culture

11. What can we infer from the text?

A. Learning Chinese is becoming popular In America,

B. Educated woman do better in looking after children

C. Chinese au pairs need to improve their English Skills.

D. Children can learn a foreign language well in six months. zxxk

D

Metro Pocket Guide

Metrorail(地铁)

Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under ago five may travel free with a paying customer.

Farecard machine are in every station, Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the station and farecard machine only provide up to $ 5 in change.

Get one of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9:30 a.m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays.

Hours of Service

Open: 5 a.m Mon-Fri 7a.m. Sat—Sun .

Close midnight Sun—Thur.

Last train time vary. To avoid missing the last train, please check the last train time posted in the station.

Metrobus

When paying with exact change, the fare is $ 1.35 . when paying with a smatTripa CARD the fare is $1.25

Fares for the Senior /disabled customers

Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTripa card. For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards, farecard or SmarTripR card and passes, please visit MetroOpenDoors.com or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.

Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100

Travel tips

. avoid riding during weekday rush periods –before 9:30 a.m. and between 4 and 6 p.m.

. if you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost & Found at 202-962-1195.

12. what should you know about farecard machine?

A. They start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m.

B. They are connected to change machines.

C. They offer special service to the elderly.

D. They make change for no more than $5. zxxk

13. At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday?

A. At midnight B. at 3 a.m. C. at 5 am D. at 7 p.m.

14. What is good about a SmarTripa card?

A. It is convenient for old people B. It saves money for its users

C. it can be bought at any time D. it is sold on the Internet.

15. Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?

A. 202-962-1195 B.202-962-1100

C.202-673-7000 D.202-673-8000

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Tips for cooking on a Tight Schedule

From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often: ability, money and time, ____16__Money is a topic I’ll save for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:

1. Think ahead. The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and there is nothing ready to eat. So think about of the coming week. When will you have time to cook? Do you have the right materials ready?_____17___

2. Make your time worth it. When you do find time to cook a meal, make the most of it and save yourself time later on. Are you making one loaf of bread? ___18___ it takes around the same amount of time to make more of something. So save yourself the effort for a future meal.

3. ____19____ This may surprise you, but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation. It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your appetite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you have to take control of your food and your schedule.

Hopefully that gives you a good start. ____20___ and don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!

A. Try new things. zxxk

B. Ability is easily improved.

C. Make three or four instead.

D. Understand your food better.

E. Cooking is a burden for many people.

F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.

G. A little time planning ahead can save a lot of work later on.

第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top __21_____, but on their way back conditions were very _22______. Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon __23_____ alone, he would probably get back _24______. But Simon decided to risk his __25_____ and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope(绳).

As they __26_____ down, the weather got worse. Then another ___27____ occurred. They couldn’t see or hear each other and, ___28____, Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice(峭壁). It was ___29____ for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe’s __30_____ was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. ___31____, after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to __32_____. In tears, he cut the rope. Joe __33_____ into a large crevasse(裂缝)in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn’t walk, but he __34_____ to get out of the crevasse and started to ___35____ towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers __36_____.

Simon had ___37____ the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be __38_____, but he didn’t want to leave ___39____. Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. He couldn’t ___40____ it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.

21.A. hurriedly B. carefully .C. successfully D. early

22. A. difficult B. similar C. special D. normal

23. A. climbed B. worked C. rested . D. continued zxxk

24. A. unwillingly B. safely C. slowly D. regretfully

25. A. fortune B. time C. health D. life

26. A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked

27. A. damage B. storm C. change D. trouble

28. A. by mistake B. by chance C. by chance D. by luck

29. A. unnecessary B. practical C. important D. impossible

30. A. height B. weight C. strength .D. equipment

31. A. Finally B. Patiently .C. Surely D. Quickly

32. A. stand back B. take a rest C. make a decision .D. hold on

33. A. jumped B. fell C. escaped D. backed

34. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped

35. A. run B. skate C. move D. march

36. A. around B. away C. above D. along

37. A. headed for B. travelled C. left for D. returned to

38. A. dead B. hurt C. weak D. late

39. A. secretly B. tiredly .C. immediately D. anxiously

40. A. find B. believe C. make D. accept

.第二卷

第三部分 英语知识运用zxxk

第二节 (共10分;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __41___ (be) late for school.

There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___42____ some of them looked very anxious and ___43__

(disappoint) . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next ____44___ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike ____45___ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and waving his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ____46___

(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ____47___(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“____48___ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It ‘s ____49___ (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers _____(sudden) became friendly to one another.

第三部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共

有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are threezxxk lesson in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework. Therefore , we have more time with after-school activities. For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sport for one hour every day.

My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom, buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, sat by the lake listening music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.

第二节 书面表达 (25分)

一家英语报社向中学生征文，主题是“十年后的我”、请根据下列要求和你的想象完成短文、

1、 家庭

2、 工作

3、 业余生活

注意：1、次数100左右;2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;3. 开头语已为你写好

I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标II卷

英 语

参考答案

1—5 BCCBC 6—10 ADADD 11—15 ADBBA 16—20 BGCAF

21—25 CADBD 26—30 CDADB 31—35 ACBAC 36—40 BDACB

41. being 42. and 43. disappointed 44. to 45. caught 46. to stop 47. riding

48.did 49. me/mine 50. suddenly

My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lesson

There

in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework.

don’t much

Therefore , we have more time with after-school activities. For example, zxxk we can do reading

for

for one and a half hour and play sport for one hour every day.

hours

My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers

looks

and trees around the classroom, buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, sat by the

sit

lake listening∧ music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our

to helpful

teachers but also our friends. zxxk

五：one Possible Version

I often imagine what my life will be like in the future. I think my life will be very different in ten years. I will be twenty-eight years old by then. I will have my own family. Probably with a lovely child. I hope I will work in a computer company as a program designer. I will enjoy my work and get along well with my colleagues, I will do a good job in whatever I do. In my free time, I will continue to take regular exercise, such as swimming, running and various ball games. On my holidays, I will travel around the world. In a word, my life will be much richer and more colorful.

学渣求大神帮忙指导下14年天津理科高考选择题第8题，题目如下，希望有具体思路分析和解答过程~谢谢啦！

一.本大题共5小题，每小题3分，共15分。

1. 下列词语，字形与加点字的注音全部正确的一项是 ( )

A. 养植业 与日剧增 便笺(jiān) 独辟蹊(xī)径

B. 醉醺醺 席不暇暖 泥淖(nào) 向隅(yú)而泣

C. 滥摊子 自由竞争 卷帙(dié) 运筹帷幄(wò)

D. 颤巍巍 信笔涂鸭 蠹(dù)虫 湮(yīn)没无闻

2. 下列语句中，没有语病的一项是( )

A.近几年，食品药品在安全方面出现的问题被媒体接连曝光，不同职能部门各管一段的监管模式也因此受到了社会的质疑。

B. 第九届中国国际园林博览会在北京永定河西岸盛大开幕，对于513公顷的园博园，为了方便游客，专门开设了电瓶车专线。

C.据世界黄金协会分析，2013年春节前后中国黄金需求高涨的原因，主要由于消费者对中国经济前景充满信心所致。

D.日前，交通管理部门就媒体对酒驾事故的连续报道做出了积极回应，表示要进一步加大对交通违法行为的查处。

3. 依次填入句中横线处的词语，正确的一项是 ( )

①文学艺术创造来源于生活，作家塑造的人物形象，往往是以现实生活中的真实人物为 创作而形成的。

②一辆运载盐酸的货车在高速公路上发生侧翻事故，交通、消防部门的人员迅速赶赴出事现场，并做出了紧急 。

③保险丝是电路安全的报警器，当电路里的电流超过允许值时，保险丝就会 ，从而切断电源，保障线路和电器的安全。

A.原形 处置 融化 B. 原型 处治 融化

C.原型 处置 熔化 D. 原形 处治 熔化

4. 给下面语句排序，衔接恰当的一项是( )

①因为较弱的电磁辐射，也会对人的神经系统与心血管系统产生一定的干扰。

②人的大脑和神经会产生微弱的电磁波，当周围电器发出比它强数百万倍的电磁波时，人的神经活动就会受到严重干扰。

③即使在不太强的电磁波环境中工作和生活，人也会受到影响。

④如果长时间出于这种强电磁波的环境中，人会出现头痛，注意力不集中、嗜睡等症状，强电磁辐射会使心血管疾病加重、神经系统功能失调。

A. ④①②③ B. ②③①④ C. ④③②① D. ②④③①

5. 下列句中加点词的运用，不同于其它三句的一项是( )

A. 微风习习，远处飘来阵阵歌声，也飘来了缕缕的花香。

B. 蜜蜂酿出了甘甜的蜂蜜，也为人们酿出了美好的生活。

C. 萧瑟的秋风吹落枝头的黄叶，却吹不去她满腹的惆怅。

D. 风和日暖，小院关闭了柴门，却关不住那满园的春色。

二.本大题共5小题，共16分。阅读下面的文言文，完成6-10题。

曹彬字国华，真定灵寿人。彬始生周岁，父母以百玩之具罗于席，观其所取。彬左手持干戈，右手持俎豆，斯须取一印，他无所视，人皆异之。

五年，使吴越，致命讫即还。私觌①之礼，一无所受。吴越人以轻舟追遗之，至于数四，彬犹不受。既而曰：“吾终拒之，是近名也。”遂受而籍之以归，悉上送官。

初，太祖典禁旅，彬中立不倚，非公事未尝造门，群居燕会，亦所罕预，由是器重焉。建隆二年，自平阳召归，谓曰：“我畴昔常欲亲汝，汝何故疏我?”彬顿首谢曰：“臣为周室近亲，复忝内职，靖恭守位，犹恐获过，安敢妄有交结?”

七年，伐江南。长围中，彬每缓师，冀李煜归服。城垂克，彬忽称疾不视事，诸将皆来问疾。彬曰：“余之疾非药石所能愈，惟须诸公诚心自誓，以克城之日，不妄杀一人，则自愈矣。”诸将许诺。明日，稍愈。又明日，城陷。煜与其臣百余人诣军门请罪，彬慰安之，待以宾礼，请煜入宫治装，彬以数骑待宫门外。左右密谓彬曰：“煜入或不测，奈何?”彬笑曰：“煜素懦无断，必不能自引决。”煜之君臣， 卒赖保全。

初，彬之总师也，太祖谓曰：“俟克李煜，当以卿为使相。”副帅潘美预以为贺。彬曰：“不然，夫是行也，仗天威，遵庙谟，乃能成事，吾何功哉，况使相乎!”美曰：“何谓也?”彬曰：“太原未平尔。”及还，献俘。上谓曰：“本授卿使相，然刘继元未下，姑少待之。”既闻此语，美窃视彬微笑。上觉，遽诘所以，美不敢隐，遂以实对。上亦大笑，乃赐彬钱二十万。彬退曰：“人生何必使相，好官亦不过多得钱尔。”

咸平二年，被疾。

。上趣驾临问，手为和药，仍赐白金万两。六月薨，年六十九。上临哭之恸。 (取材于《宋史·曹彬列传》)

① 觌(dí)：相见

6. 下列语句中，加点词语的解释不正确的一项是( )

A. 遂受而籍之衣柜 籍: 登记造册

B. 太祖典禁旅 典：主管，掌管

C. 副帅潘美预以为贺 预：参与，加入

D. 仍赐白金万两 仍：于，又

7. 下列各组语句中，加点的词意义和用法不相同的一项是( )

A. 以百玩之具罗于席 吴越人以轻舟追遣之

B. 观其所取 一无所受

C. 汝何故疏我 吾何功哉

D. 彬之总师也 上临哭之恸

8.对下列文中语句的解释，不符合文意的一项是( )

A.使吴越，致命讫即还

出使吴越，传达旨意完毕即刻返回

B.吾终拒之，是近名也

我如果一直拒绝收礼，就会得到好的名声

C.请煜入宫治装

请李煜进入宫殿收拾行李

D.上觉，遽诘所以

皇帝察觉了，急忙追问其中的缘故

9.下列的理解和分析，不符合文意的一项是( )[来源:Z。xx。k.Com]

A.曹彬拒绝借公务而取私利，不过他做人处事也讲究变通，收下礼品后如数上交。

B.曹彬为官清正，对宋太祖不巴结逢迎，对同僚也不结党营私，深得太祖的赏识。

C.曹彬突然称病，意在要求部下破城后不妄杀一人。他尊重降者人格，以礼相待。

D.曹彬富有智慧，才能出众，宋太祖虽然器重他，但是又心存戒备，并有所防范。

10.文中第5段写道“美窃视彬笑”、“上亦大笑”，请分别简述两处“笑”的缘由。(4分)

三.本大题共三小题，共20分

11.用斜线(/)给下面的文言文断句(5分)

世 之 治 也 行 善 者 获 福 为 恶 者 得 祸 及 其 乱 也 行 善 者 不 获 福 为 恶 者 不 得 祸 变 数 也 知 者 不 以 变 数 疑 常 道 故 循 福 之 所 自 来 防 祸 之 所 由 至 也 遇 不 遇 非 我 也 其 时 也 夫 施 吉 报 凶 谓 之 命 施 凶 报 吉 谓 之 幸 守 其 所 志 而 已 矣

(取材于《中论·修本》)

12.阅读下面这首诗，完成①②题。(7分)

古风(其十)

李白

齐有倜傥生，鲁连①特高妙

明月出海底，一朝开光曜。

却秦振英声，后世仰末照。

意轻千金憎，顾向平原②笑。

吾亦澹荡人，拂衣可同调。

注释： ① 鲁连：鲁仲连，战国齐人，他说服魏与赵合力抗秦。

② 平原：即平原君，赵国重臣。

① 下列对本诗的理解，不正确的一项是(3分)

A. 三四句与曹植诗句“大国多良材，譬海出明珠”都运用比喻的方式表达赞誉之情。

B. “后世仰末照”句，感叹鲁仲连的功绩如同就要落山的太阳一样将被后人渐渐遗忘。

C. 本诗最后两句，以“澹荡人”与开头的“倜傥生”相呼应，意在表明诗人的志趣。

D. 李白在诗中盛赞了鲁仲连的高风亮节，并把他引为“同调”，内容显豁，感情深挚。

② 前人评此诗：“此托鲁连起兴以自比。”结合诗句，谈谈李白借鲁仲连表达了自己怎样的人生理想。(4分)

13. 在横线处写出诗文原句(限选其中4道题)(8分)

① _______,________，匪来贸丝，来即我谋。(《诗经·氓》)

② 秦爱纷奢，人亦念其家，_______,________。(杜牧《阿房宫赋》)

③ 句读之不知，惑之不解，或师焉，或不焉______,_______。(韩愈《师说》)

④ 挟飞仙以遨游，抱明月而长终，_________,___________。(苏轼《前赤壁赋》)

⑤ 梧桐更兼细雨，到黄昏，点点滴滴。_________,__________。(李清照《声声慢》)

四.本大题共三小题，共12分。阅读下面的文章，完成14-16题

当你在花园里驻足观察那些胖胖的蜜蜂在花丛中起起落落，或者在厨房手拿苍蝇拍对着狡猾的苍蝇无可奈何时，你一定认同以下观点：把“飞行家”这个名词冠于昆虫身上是恰如其分的，昆虫不仅是地球上规模的飞行者家族，也是最早掌握这项技术的先驱者。地球上的第一次飞行是个什么场景?这一历史性的时刻早已消失在岩层之中。不过，当年第一批飞行者的后代仍然活跃在我们的星球上，它们就是蜉蝣。

蜉蝣这种生物大多数时间生活在水中，以藻类为食，当它们准备好繁殖，便爬出水面，在水边的植物上蜕皮，成为有翅的成虫。这些获得新生的小虫子并不急于飞行，多数时候会聚集在水面上，伸展双翅，在微风的吹拂下于水面上滑行。当时机成熟，便风中舞动，在空中完成婚配。不久，雌虫产卵，刚刚脱离水面不过十几小时的蜉蝣们再次回落水中，这也意味着它们个体生命的终结。目前，多数昆虫学家认为，最早的昆虫也像蜉蝣一样，是从水面滑行演化到飞行的，最早的翅应该是“风帆”，而非“机翼”。

昆虫的翅是一个工程学奇迹：一片几丁质的薄层，没有任何骨骼和肌肉的支撑。几丁质这种物质本身柔软而坚韧，就连碳纤维复合材料都无法与之相比。几丁质中贯穿着翅脉，它们是液压管道，正是这些液压管道让昆虫的翅膀有了足够的刚性来应对飞行时巨大的应力考验。与鸟、蝙蝠的翅膀一样，昆虫翅膀的剖面上端弯曲，下端平直，这使得空气流过翼面时产生升力。

昆虫与其他其他飞行动物的标志性区别，在于它们扇动翅膀时高得惊人的速度——蜻蜓一般为每秒200次，而蚊子和马蜂则能高达每秒1000次。不仅如此，如果逐格回放高速摄像机拍摄的昆虫飞行影像，你会惊奇地发现，昆虫扑翼飞行可不简单是上下运动，从侧面观察，昆虫的翅膀其实是在画八字形。直到最近，人们把昆虫放进风洞好好研究了一番才发现，其实这些小家伙的翅膀是在空气中制造涡流，依靠这些可控的涡流，它们的翅膀在向下和向上拍动时都能产生升力，这是鸟与蝙蝠绝对无法做到的，一只小蜜蜂借助这些涡流，产生达到其体重3倍的开力，而向前的推力则是体重的8倍之多，与之相比，一架战斗机的推力与重力大小之比能达到2就可以“笑傲江湖”了，这样你就不难理解，为什么苍蝇能在空中做出令人匪夷所思的急转弯了。

当然，这一切代价也相当高昂，飞行是件十分费力的活儿，一只果蝇飞行1小时就要消耗掉体重的10%，果蝇使用碳水化合物作为动力来源，这有点儿不太划算，其他很多昆虫直接利用脂肪作为“燃烧”，便让飞行的“经济性”大为改观。所以你绝对不能小看昆虫的能力，一只小小黑脉金斑蝶能以每天150公里的速度连续飞行3000公里，完成从北美到中美洲的长途迁徙。

(取材于王冬《御风飞行》)

14. 根据文意，下列说法不能支持“昆虫的翅膀是一个工程学奇迹”的一项是(3分)

A. 薄薄的翅由几丁质构成

B. 不需要脊髓肌肉的支撑

C. 柔韧性可比碳纤维的复合材料

D .翅脉增强了昆虫翅膀的刚性

15. 下列对文章内容理解和分析。不恰当的两项是(4分)

A. 昆虫最初驾驭“风帆”在水面上滑行。后来逐步从滑行演变到在空中飞行。

B. 蜉蝣有翅后即升空飞行。虽然飞行的时间不长，但由此实现了生命的延续。

C. 昆虫翅膀的剖面，上端弯曲，下端平直，这可以使空气滤过翼面时产生升力。

D. 昆虫利用碳水化合物和脂肪作为“燃料”，从而大大提高了飞行的“经济性”

E. 昆虫是地球上规模最为庞大的飞行者家族，很多昆虫都具有长途迁徙的能力

16. 根据本文和下列材料，说明苍蝇的飞行和鹏鸟翱翔有哪些不同点。(5分)

《逍遥游》中“背若泰山，翼若垂天之云……绝云天，负青天。然后图南”这几句话，是对鹏鸟翱翔九天的精彩描述。生物学家认为，鹏鸟翱翔要借助上升气流，翅膀就像固定的机翼。

五.本大题共4小题，共27分。阅读下面的作品。完成17-20题

浙江的感兴

我很想追怀自己在浙江的童年，却只记起了一些片段：随着母亲去一个庙里看初期的**，去曹娥江头看潮水，随着小舅舅到河蚌头石桥边的馆子里吃馄饨，那样好吃的馄饨，后来似乎再也没有吃过。如此等等，连不起来，而且越来越模糊了。

于是我怀疑自己是否配称浙江人。

这一次到杭州，住在西湖旁边，又有幸去了绍兴，看到鲁迅故居，还在咸亨酒店里喝了加饭酒，并且站在门外吃了一串油豆腐，上面涂了厚厚一层辣酱，吃着吃着，心里感到不管配不配，我是喜欢这乡土的。

这里主要的色泽是黑与白，黑的瓦顶，白的粉墙，冲洗得发白的石板路，连木柱子也是黑的，严谨、素净。然而空间是庞大的，人有足够的地方可以移动，物件也是厚实可靠的，像那件大大的厨房里的那口大大的腌菜缸，在朴质的生活里有温厚的人情，正如那三味书屋里，既有严厉老师的戒方，又有那顽皮学童的小小乐园，在门前的石板路下则是潺潺的流水。

水是浙江的灵秀所在，是音乐，是想象力。

在鲁迅的艺术素描里不是也有这样的黑泥、白石和绿水的配合么?多么朴质，又弥漫着多大的温情!你看他用笔何等经济，总是短短几句话就勾画出一个实实在在的人生处境，而同时他又总是把这处境放在一片抒情的气氛之内。他是最严格的，有是最温情的，这就使得他最平常的叙述也带有余音，富有感染力——他的闰土成了我们一切人记忆中的童年好友。他的乌篷船成为我们每个人梦里的航船，他的忧郁、愤怒和向往也成为几代读者难以排遣的感情。

看着绍兴的街道、店铺和水乡景色，我以为我对这位大作家多一点了解了。

回到杭州，又是另一番景色。1981年我第一次来，忙于游览名胜，但也抽时间陪一位老友去追寻他年少时代的踪迹。走了一个旧的市区，像是有一家过去很有名的布鞋店，那里依然卖着素净而又雅致的黑面白底的舒服鞋。接着进入一家咸肉店，面前是一条长长的洗得白白的木柜台，上面摆着十几块干干净净的咸肉，随你挑选。这铺子的旧式建筑有高的屋顶，店堂里空空荡荡的，没有现代肉店那种血淋淋的屠场味道，人们从容选肉。大刀切下去，一股醇厚的咸肉香随之而起。

这次重来，我很想再出去看看那些犹有南宋遗风的街道和店铺，却始终不得空儿，只在汽车里匆匆看了一下中心区的主要街道。在我游历过的城市里，我总觉得杭州是最富于中国人情味的，即使车站旁边的闹市也闹而不乱，人行道上人来人往却不拥挤，同时有一些老铺子老字号还以传统的礼貌待客。

杭州难分市区与郊外，环湖的大道既是闹市，又因西湖在旁而似乎把红尘洗涤了。任何风尘仆仆的远来人也是一见湖光山色而顿时感到清爽。

在阳光下，西湖是明媚的，但更多的时候显得清幽，这次因为就住在湖岸上，朝朝夕夕散步湖畔，总算把湖的各种面容看了一个真切，清晨薄雾下，黄昏夕照里，湖的表情是不同的，沉沉夜色下则只见远岸的灯火荡漾在黑黑的湖水里，千变万化，没有太浓太艳的时候，而是素抹淡妆，以天然而不是人工胜。

在湖岸散步的时候，抬起头来，看到了环湖的群山在天边耸起，也是淡淡的几抹青色。然而它们都引人遐想。给了西湖以厚度和重量。没有人能把西湖看的轻飘飘的，它是有性格的，从而我也看到了浙江的另一面：水固然使它灵秀，山却给予它骨气。

(取材于王佐良的同名散文)

17. 下列对文章内容的理解，不正确的两项是(4分)

A. 饮食在作者关于故乡的感兴中占有重要地位，根源于作者无法追怀的童年。

B.作者书写的是对故乡的追忆和游历，感物寄兴，表达了对浙江性格的体悟。

C.作者插叙初次游览杭州的经过，揭示了这座城市日常生活中的传统特征。

D.“水”既是浙江灵秀风景的精髓，也是本文组织结构展开叙述的核心线索。

E.文章勾勒出一幅融汇了自然山水、风土人情、历史传承等因素的江南图景。

18. 文中说：“看看绍兴的街道、店铺和水乡景色，我以为我对这位大作家多一点了解了。”结合原文，回答下面的问题(7分)

① 作者从鲁迅的故乡环境中看出了哪些特色?(3分)

② 作者对鲁迅又多了哪些了解?(4分)

19. 作者从湖光山色中感受到西湖哪些特点?(4分)

20. 有评论者曾用“一切景语皆情语”来概括本文带给读者的艺术感受，请谈谈你对“一切景语皆情

语”的理解，并结合本文进行具体阐述。(不少于200字)(12分)

六.本大题共1小题，共60分。

21. 阅读下面的对话，按要求作文。(60分)

科学家：假如爱迪生来21世纪生活一个星期，最让他感到新奇的会是什么呢?

文学家：我想，手机会不会让他感到不可思议呢。

科学家：我同意，手机是信息时代的一个标志物，简直称得上是一部掌中电脑，丰富的功能一定会让这位大发明家感到新奇。

文学家：手机的广泛应用。深刻地影响着人们的交往方式、思想情感和观念意识，或许这也是爱迪生意想不到的吧。

科学家与文学家各自对手机的看法，引发了你哪些思考、想象?请自选角度，自拟题目，自定文体(诗歌除)，写一篇不少于800字的文章。

21.作文

一.选择题(每题3分)

123456789

BACDACDBD

1.B (A养殖业，与日俱增;C烂摊子，卷帙(zhì);

D信笔涂鸦，湮(yān)没无闻。)

2.A ( B选项“对于513公顷的园博园”原句无主语，可去掉 “对于”;C选项“原因……所致”为句式杂糅; D选项“加大对交通违法行为的查处”缺宾语中心语“的力度”。)

3.C(“原形”指本来面目，含贬义，而原型可特指文学艺术作品中所依据的原始模型;“处置”事件，强调解决问题，而“处治”强调治理、惩罚， “融化”，一般只指冰、雪、霜等受热变成水，“熔化”指铁等固体受热到一定程度而变成液体、胶状或粉末)

5.A(全新题型，BCD三项，动词与宾语之间本来都适合搭配，而A项的飘来与花香是可以搭配的动宾关系。修辞中“拈连”，指甲乙两个事物连在一起叙述时，把本来只适用于甲事物的词语拈来用到乙事物上。)

6.C(预：提前，预先)

7.D(A两个“以”都是介词，前“以”翻译为“把”，后“以”翻译为“用、凭借”;

B两个“所”都是结构助词，属于“所V”结构，把动词变为名词性结构;

C两个“何”都是疑问代词，翻译为“什么”;

D前一个“之”用于主谓之间，取消句子独立性，译为“……的时候”，后一个“之”在谓语和补语之间，翻译为“得”，“哭得悲痛”。)

8.B(“近名”，追求名声。)

9.D(“心存戒备”“有所防范”原文无此意)

10.答案示例：

“美窃视彬微笑”：曹彬已经料到太祖不会兑现，甚至预见到太祖要说的理由，潘美的会心一笑，表达了对曹彬的钦佩。

“上亦大笑”：太祖被臣下猜透了心思，大笑中含有自嘲和对曹彬的赏识。

参考译文：

曹彬字国华，是真定灵寿人。其父曹芸，任成德军节度都知兵马使。曹彬出生周岁时，他的父母把各种玩具排放在桌子上，看他取什么。曹彬左手拿干戈，右手抓俎豆，过一会儿又拿一方印，其他的不屑一顾，人们都感到惊异。

显德五年，出使吴越，传达完使命就回朝。私下相见之礼，一点也不接受馈送，吴越人乘轻舟追送给他，以至再四，曹彬还是不接受。过一会儿说：“我最终拒绝他们，是近于邀名啊。”于是接受下来回来登记，全部送给官府。

当初，太祖管领禁兵，曹彬中立不偏不倚，没有公事从不登门，群居宴会，也很少参预，从此被器重。建隆二年，从平阳被召回朝，太祖对他说：“往日我常想亲近你，你为什么总是疏远我呢?”曹彬叩头谢罪说：“我是周室的近亲，又忝任宫内职务，端正做官，还怕有过失，哪里敢妄自结交呢?”

乾德七年，讨伐南唐。长期的围城中，曹彬常常缓攻，希望李煜能归降。城即将攻克时，曹彬忽然称疾不处理事务，诸将都来探病。曹彬说：“我的病不是药石能治好的，只要诸公诚心立誓，克城之日，不妄杀一人，就会自动痊愈。”诸将答应下来，一起焚香立誓。第二天，病情稍微好转。再过一天，金陵城被攻陷。李煜与他的大臣们一百多人到军营请罪，曹彬安慰他，用贵宾礼接待他，请李煜入宫换装，曹彬只派几个骑兵等在宫门外。部下暗地对曹彬说：“李煜入宫如有不测，怎么办?”曹彬笑着说：“李煜向来懦弱不能果断，既然已经投降，一定不会自杀。”李煜的君臣，最终赖以保全。

当初，曹彬统领军队，太祖对他说：“等攻克李煜后，任命你为使相。”副帅潘美预先向他祝贺。曹彬说：“不是这样，这次行动，仰仗天威，遵照朝廷谋略，才能成功，我又有什么功劳呢?何况使相是呢?”潘美说：“怎么说呢?”曹彬说：“太原没有平定啊。”回朝后，献俘虏。太祖对他说：“本来要授任你为使相，但是刘继元没有攻灭，暂且稍微等待一些时候。”听见这句话后，潘美偷看着曹彬微笑。太祖发觉后，于是责问他为什么发笑，潘美不敢隐瞒，于是按实情回答。太祖也大笑起来，于是赐给曹彬钱二十万。曹彬退朝后说：“人生何必作使相，好官也不过多得些钱罢了。”

咸平二年，生病。真宗亲自看望，亲手替他和药，又赐他白金万两。六月去世，终年六十九岁。真宗亲自致祭痛哭。

三、

12.①B 末照指余辉，“后世仰末照”指的是后世的人们依旧敬仰他的功绩。

②答案示例一：要点一：辅弼天下，建功立业。结合“却秦振英声，后世仰末照”。

要点二：不慕名利，功成身退。结合“意轻千金赠，顾向平原笑。”

答案示例二：此诗开篇首句运用起兴的手法，引出倜傥高妙的鲁连的形象，再以出海明月的比喻表达了对鲁连如明月般光芒万丈的才华的赞赏，接着两句诗阐述鲁连说服魏赵，合力抗秦的丰功伟绩，以及鲁连淡泊名利、功成身退的高风亮节，令后世仰慕。由此引出，李白自己想要建功立业，但又不屑于追名逐利的崇高旷达的人生理想。

13. ①氓之蚩蚩，抱布贸丝。

②奈何取之尽锱铢，用之如泥沙。

③小学而大遗，吾未见其明也。

④知不可乎骤得，托遗响于悲风。

⑤这次第，怎一个愁字了得。

四、本大题共三小题，共12分。

14. C

昆虫的翅是一个工程学奇迹：一片几丁质的薄层(A)，没有任何骨骼和肌肉的支撑(B)。几丁质这种物质本身柔软而坚韧，就连碳纤维复合材料都无法与之相比(C)。几丁质中贯穿着翅脉，它们是液压管道，正是这些液压管道让昆虫的翅膀有了足够的刚性(D)来应对飞行时巨大的应力考验。

15. B D

最早的昆虫也像蜉蝣一样，是从水面滑行演化到飞行的，最早的翅应该是“风帆”，而非“机翼”。(A) “成为有翅的成虫。这些获得新生的小虫子并不急于飞行，多数时候会聚集在水面上，伸展双翅，在微风的吹拂下于水面上滑行。”(B)不是“有翅后即升空飞行”。

与鸟、蝙蝠的翅膀一样，昆虫翅膀的剖面上端弯曲，下端平直，这使得空气流过翼面时产生升力。(C)

果蝇使用碳水化合物作为动力来源，这有点不太划算，其他很多昆虫直接利用脂肪作为“燃烧”，便让飞行的“经济性”大为改观。(D)选项中“碳水化合物和脂肪”应该去掉“碳水化合物”

16. ①苍蝇飞行时必须高速扇动翅膀，鹏鸟翱翔时可以不扇动翅膀。

②苍蝇飞行时借助自身扑翼产生的升力，鹏鸟翱翔时借助外界的上升气流。

③苍蝇飞行时可做出急转弯的动作，鹏鸟翱翔时无法做到。

五、本大题共4小题，共27分。

17.A D

18.①色彩鲜明、严谨素净以及质朴温厚的特色。

②要点一：鲁迅创作中即使最平常的叙述也富于感染力。

要点二：鲁迅性格中既严格又不乏温情的一面。

19. 要点一：模糊了市区与郊外的界限，虽处闹市，却清净脱俗。

要点二：明媚但是更显清幽、素淡，以天然而不是人工胜。

要点三：因环湖的群山而具有了厚重的性格。

20.略

这个题主要考察两个向量的加减法的法则,以及其几何意义,两个向量的数量积的定义,属于中档题.

利用两个向量的加减法的法则,以及其几何意义,两个向量的数量积的定义由向量AE?向量AF=1，求得4λ+4μ-2λμ=3再由向量CE ?向量CF=-2/3,求得-λ-μ+λμ=-2/3。

解：由题意可得若向量AE ?向量AF =（向量AB+向量BE）?（向量AD+向量DF），有好多符号和向量不好手打，这是答案已知菱形ABCD的边长为2，∠BAD=120°，点E、F分别在边BC、DC上，BE=λBC，DF=μDC，若向量AE ?向量AF =1，向量CE ?向量CF=-2 /3，则λ+μ= 仔细琢磨下思路和答案，相信看完你就明白了，不明白的可以继续问我哦，加油~不要忘记给个采纳哦！