新课标高考卷是什么卷_新课标高考答案

1.2014年高考英语试题及答案解析（新课标Ⅱ)

2.2014高考新课标I卷语文试题答案

3.2011高考新课标数学16题详细解答，。。。不要给我整高数解法、、、

4.2014课标全国语文卷文言文

5.全国各省市高考题模拟题精编卷(新课标全国卷三)数学答案 2012年的

2012年高考英语模拟试卷(含答案）（试卷总分：120分 考试时间：100分钟）

第Ⅰ卷（选择题 共85分）

第一部分:英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）

第一节 单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）

从A、B、C、D 四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

1. —The garden has four gates in different directions, so you may enter it and relax through any of them in the daytime.

—_______.

A. Very good B. Very convenient C. That’s good D. I like it

2. —I ran into _______ back of _______ truck yesterday and damaged my car badly.

—I suppose you were driving too fast.

A. the; the B. a; a C. the; a D. a; the

3. Visitors can stand on the top of Oriental Pearl Television Tower, from where they can he a better ______ of the city of Shanghai.

A. sight B. scenery C. scene D. view

4. Medicine should not be kept _______ it is accessible to children.

A. which B. where C. how D. that

5. The village which they lived in for many years _______ by Typhoon Morakot and now there is nothing to be seen.

A. was destroyed B. has been destroyed C. destroyed D. had destroyed

6. Many of them turned a deaf ear to his advice, even though they knew it to be _______.

A. valuable B. reliable C. flexible D. acceptable

7. Hillary Clinton arrived in Pyongyang on August 4, 2009, ______ the start of the short visit to Korea.

A. marked B. hing marked C. marking D. to mark

8. The color of the shirt does not _______ that of the tie.

A. fit B. match C. suit D. reach

9. But for your help, we _______ the game.

A. can lose B. will lose

C. had lost D. would he lost

10. She was very fond of speaking French, _______ indeed she spoke well.

A. which B. that C. of which D. how

11. _______, they make mistakes as part of their everyday behior.

A. Not only humans make mistakes B. Not only do humans make mistakes

C. Only humans make mistakes D. Only do humans make mistakes

12. One cause of this attitude students he can be represented by the fact _____ young teachers don’t know how to impose their respect among their students.

A. which B. that C. why D. /

13. I don't want to _______ the topic, but why on earth did you get home that late last night?

A. take up B. make up C. break up D. bring up

14. 一Did you tell him that we’ve put off the meeting？

一No. He rushed out before I could say ________.

A. something B. nothing C. anything D. everything

15. I won't he anyone _______ in here. Whoever breaks the regulation will get punished.

A. to smoke B. smoke C. smoked D. smoking

第二节 完形填空(共20小题，每题1.5分，共30分)

阅读下面短文，撑握其大意，然后从16—35各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

Before discussing different kinds of emotions, let us briefly talk about how researchers 16 bodily processes, actions and behior, and how this relates to what we do in our daily lives when we observe emotions in 17 .

Bodily processes can be directly measured by 18 of a polygraph. When a polygraph is skillfully used to 19 how we react bodily with what we are 20 , it is called a "lie detector". Bodily processes can also be measured 21 . This is what we do when we observe someone blushing (脸红). However, we are not always 22 of what bodily processes respond to.

Measuring action 23 behior is the other way researchers assess the emotions. 24 , one measure of fear of snakes is how 25 a person will go to the snake. Another procedure is to he a person 26 how afraid he is, or how he feels, in this way, researchers he 27 the so-called "fear thermometer" to assess a person's fear. 28 our everyday living, we do very much the same thing. Only not too 29 . We react to what a person does, what he says, 30 he says it, and how he looks. Is he smiling? Is his voice trembling? We put all this 31 together to infer what a person is feeling.

32 , we do not always act as we feel. Sometimes we do things that we don't feel like doing. 33 we say we feel one way and then we act another. Actors, for example, successfully learn to "make believe" emotions, or learn to 34 them. Thus we 35 always tell what a person is feeling by what he says or by what he does.

16. A. measure B. describe C. make D. use

17. A. other B. others C. another D. the others

18. A. ways B. methods C. means D. tools

19. A. combine B. treat C. examine D. compare

20. A. doing B. saying C. observing D. carrying

21. A. directly B. indirectly C. easily D. difficultly

22. A. afraid B. fond C. aware D. accused

23. A. but B. so C. and D. or

24. A. For example B. On one hand C. As well as D. At times

25. A. slow B. fast C. far D. close

26. A. tell B. say C. talk D. speak

27. A. roved B. discovered C. developed D. informed

28. A. During B. With C. On D. In

29. A. skillfully B. systematically C. naturally D. eventually

30. A. why B. where C. how D. whether

31. A. imaginations B. observations C. impressions D. awareness

32. A. Therefore B. Otherwise C. However D. Anyway

33. A. Sometime B. Someway C. Sometimes D. Anytime

34. A. express B. hide C. act D. say

35. A. needn’t B. shan’t C. won’t D. cannot

第二部分 阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。

A

Stephen William Hawking was born on 8 January 1942 (300 years after the death of Galileo) in Oxford, England. His parents' house was in north London, but during the Second World War Oxford was considered a safer place to he babies. When he was eight, his family moved to St Albans, a town about 20 miles north of London. At eleven Stephen went to St Albans School, and then on to University College, Oxford, his father's old college. Stephen wanted to do mathematics, although his father would he preferred medicine. Mathematics was not ailable at University College, so he did Physics instead. After three years and not very much work he was awarded a first class honours degree in Natural Science.

Stephen then went on to Cambridge to do research in Cosmology, there being no-one working in that area in Oxford at that time. His supervisor was Denis Sciama, although he had hoped to get Fred Hoyle who was working in Cambridge. After gaining his Ph.D. he became first a Research Fellow, and later on a Professorial Fellow at Gonville and Caius College. After leing the Institute of Astronomy in 13 Stephen came to the Department of Applied Mathematics and Theoretical Physics, and since 19 has held the post of Lucasian Professor of Mathematics. The chair was founded in 1663 with money left in the will of the Reverend Henry Lucas, who had been the Member of Parliament for the University. It was first held by Isaac Barrow, and then in 1663 by Isaac Newton.

Professor Hawking has twelve honorary degrees, was awarded the CBE in 1982, and was made a Companion of Honour in 1989. He is the recipient of many awards, medals and prizes and is a Fellow of The Royal Society and a Member of the US National Academy of Sciences.

36. Stephen W. Hawking went to the same college as _________at his age.

A. Galileo B. his father C. Isaac Barrow D. Isaac Newton

37. Which of the following shows the right order of what hened to Hawking?

a. He gained his Ph.D.

b. He went to Cambridge.

c. He was given a first class honor degree.

d. He began to hold the post of Lucasian Professor of Mathematics. ecbad

e. He went to St Albans School.

A. e-c-b-a-d B. a-e-c-d-b C. a-e-c-b-d D. c-b-d-e-a

38. According to the passage, Stephen W. Hawking had never spent much time studying _______.

A. Cosmology B. Mathematics C. Physics D. Medicine

39. Before Stephen Hawking went to Cambridge, ____________.

A. there was no one studying cosmology in England.

B. There was no one studying cosmology in Oxford

C. There were only a few scientists studying cosmology in Oxford

D. Cosmology is widely studied in Britain.

其余的见参考资料。（文件太大，传不上。）

2014年高考英语试题及答案解析（新课标Ⅱ)

2011年高考语文试题新课标卷答案

1.A 2.B 3.B 4 .C 5D 6.D.

7.(1)整理弓箭再次射中耙心，观看的人赞叹，皇上亲自赐酒犒劳他。

（2）何灌来到，请求入见，皇上不允许，而命令他把守西部边角。

8. 答：表现了怀古伤今之情。诗人春日眺望经水之滨，不见春草，只见古碑，行客之路尽是黄沙，想当年秦国何等强盛，看如今唐王朝的国势日衰，眼前一片荒凉，于是“不堪回首”之情油然而生。

9. 答：①触景生情；②寓情于景； ③写哀景抒哀情。高

10.（1）必有我师焉 其不善者而改之（2）可以横绝峨眉巅 然后天梯石栈相钩连

（3）云归而岩穴暝 山间之朝暮也

11.(1) CD 答C给3分，答D给2分，答B给1分；答A、E不给分。

(2)答：①表明乘凉会上的人们的外省人身份；②提示主题的解读路径；③照应下文出现的各种方言。

(3) 答：①有担当，明大义：在老丈人危难时，以亲情、和睦为重，不计前嫌，施以援手，最终赢得信任；②执著隐忍；面对老丈人的排斥：不轻言放弃，不莽撞行事，捍卫了自己的爱情；③幽默乐观：说话风趣，与人为善，遇事能有良好的心态。

(4)答：观点一：以“血型的故事”为题不合适。①“血”这个词可让人联想到“血脉”、“血缘”、“血性”等多种含义，如果以“血型的故事”为题，题意就显得单一了；②外省人和台湾人血脉同源，这是“血般的故事” ③彭先生的恋爱故事，实质上折射了外省人与台湾人之间的冲突与融合问题，表达了中华民族血浓于水，应该“一家亲”的主题。

观点二：以“血型的故事”为题合适。①“血”有类型之别，而语言有“南腔北调”之分，以“血型的故事”为题，可彰显作者的巧思；②的主要内容是围绕血型而展开的，以“血型的故事”为题；可与内容更吻合；③可显示“验血型”在文中的重要性，也与中华民族血浓于水，应该“一家亲”的主题不相冲突。

12.(1)CD 答C给3分，答D给2分，答B给1分；答A、E不给分。

(2)答：①减少应酬杂务，生活清净，便于深思内省和作画；②对江湖水光天色的写生使他的画风发生了突变；③安定生活使他眼明心清，能够悟出知白守黑的道理，画艺猛进。

(3)答：①从金石文字的点画结构中，他受到绘画笔法与章法布置方面的启发；②从金石拓本认识到书画同源，悟出画艺回归造化的路径。

(4)观点一：恪守传统，力求雅正，甘于清寂淡泊，追寻艺术真谛。

①于平静淡泊中求真务实的人生态度②淡泊名利，不言阿堵，保持传统学人本色③避俗趋雅，不为流俗所动，寻求华滋浑厚的画风。

观点二：创新与模仿并重，理想与时尚兼顾。①创造与仿作兼顾②对金钱的开通看法和潇洒态度③注重民间的时尚意趣

观点三：既恪守传统，又勇于创新，在追求自己理想的过程中享受人生

①守正出新，继承与创新兼顾②怀抱艺术理想，追求名山事业③脚踏实地，享受人生。

13.D 14.A 15.C

16.答：巴黎之行让我对法国作家和诗人维克多·雨果有了更深的了解。他在著作权保护方面作出了杰出的贡献。他促成了法国文学创作者的著作权保护机构——法国文学家协会的建立，促成了保护文学艺术作品著作权的国际公约——伯尔尼公约的制定。

17.略

18.参看作文评分标准

2014高考新课标I卷语文试题答案

以下是 为大家整理的关于2014年高考英语试题及答案解析（新课标Ⅱ)的文章，供广大考生查阅！！

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标II卷

英 语

本试卷分第I卷(选择题)和第II卷(非选择题)两部分。考试结束后，将本试卷和答案卡一并交回。

注意事项：

1.答第I卷前考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。

2.选出每小题答案前，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号框,不能答在本试卷上，否则无效。

第一部分 阅读理解(共两节，满分40分)

第一节 (共15小题;每小题2分，满分40分)

阅读下列短文，从学科网每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C和D)中,选出选项。并在答题卡上将该选项涂黑.

A

Arriving in Sydney on his own from India, my husband, zxxk Rashid, stayed in a hotel for a short time while looking for a short time while looking for a house for me and our children.

During the first week of his stay, he went out one day to do some shopping. He came back in the late afternoon to discover that his suitcase was gone. He was extremely worried as the suitcase had all his important papers, including his passport.

He reported the case to the police and then sat there，lost and lonely in strange city, thinking of the terrible troubles of getting all the paperwork organized again from a distant country while trying to settle down in a new one. zxxk

Late in the evening, the phone rang. It was a stranger. He was trying to pronounce my husband’s name and was asking him a lot of questions. Then he said they had found a pile of papers in their trash can(垃圾桶)that had been left out on the footpath.

My husband rushed to their home to find a kind family holding all his papers and documents. Their young daughter had gone to the trash can and found a pile of unfamiliar papers. Her parents had carefully sorted them out, although they had found mainly foreign addresses on most of the documents. At last they had seen a half-written letter in the pile in which my husband had given his new telephone number to a friend.

That family not only restored the important documents to us that day but also restored our faith and trust in people. We still remember their kindness and often send a warm wish their way.

1. What did Rashid plan to do after his arrival in Sydney?

A. Go shopping

B. Find a house

C. Join his family

D. Take his family

2. The girl’s parents got Rashid’s phone number from_______.

A. a friend of his family

B. a Sydney policeman

C. a letter in his papers

D. a stranger in Sydney

3. What does the underlined word “restored” in the last paragraph mean?

A. Showed

B. Sent out

C. Delivered

D. Ge back

4. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?

A. From India to Australia.

B. Living in a a New Country.

C. Turning Trash to Treasure.

D. In Search of New Friends. zxxk

B

Since the first Earth Day in 10,American he gotten a lot “greener” toward the environment . “We didn’t know at that time there even was an environment, let alone that there was a problem with it,” says Bruce Anderson, president of Earth Day USA.

But what began as nothing important in public affairs has grown into a social movement .Business people, political leaders, university professors, and especially millions of grass-roots Americans are taking part in the movement. “The understanding has increased many ,many times,” says Gaylord Nelson, the former governor from Wisconsin, who thought up the first. According to US reports , emissions (排放)from cars and trucks he dropped from 10.3 million tons a year to 5.5 tons .The number of cities producing CO beyond the standard has been reduced from 40 to 9 .Although serious problems still remain and need to be dealt with , the world is a safer and healthier place .A kind of “Green thinking ” has become part of practices .

Great improvement has been achieved .In 1988 there were only 600 recycling programs ,; today in 1995 there are about 6,600 .Advanced lights ,motors , and building designs he helped se a lot of energy and therefore prevented pollution .

Twenty –five years ago , there were hardly any education programs for environment .Today , it’s hard to find a public school , university , or law school that does not he such a kind of program .” Until we do that , nothing else will change! ” say Bruce Anderson .

5 According to Anderson , before 10, Americans had little idea about ___

A. the social movement

B. recycling techniqueszxxk

C. environmental problems

D. the importance of Earth Day

6 Where does the support for environmental protection mainly come from?

A. The grass –roots level

B. The business circle

C. Government officials

D. University professors

7. What he \Americans achieved in environmental protection ?

A. They he cut car emissions to the lowest

B. They he settled their environmental problems

C. They he lowered their CO levels in forty cities.

D. They he reduced pollution through effective measures .

8. What is especially important for environmental protection according to the last paragraph ?

A. Education

B. Planning

C. Green living

D. CO reduction

C

One of the latest trend(趋势) in American Childcare is Chinese au pairs. Au Pair in Stamford, for example, has got increasing numbers of request for Chinese au pairs from aero to around 4,000 since 2004. And that’s true all across the country.

“I thought it would be useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age” Joseph Stocke, the managing director of s company, says of his 2-year old son. “I would at least like to give him the chance to use the language in the future,” After only six months of being cared by 25-year-old woman from China, the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions, his dad says. zxxk

Li Drake, a Chinese native raising two children in Minnesota with an American husband, had another reason for looking for an au pair from China. She didn’t want her children to miss out on their roots.” Because I am Chinese, my husband and I wanted the children to keep exposed to(接触) the language and culture.” she says.

“Staying with a native speaker is better for children than simply sitting in a classroom,” says Suzanne Flynn, a professor in language education of Children.” But parents must understand that just one year with au pair is unlikely to produce wonders. Complete mastery demands continued learning until the age of 10 or 12.”

The popularity if au pairs from china has been strengthened by the increasing numbers of American parents who want their children who want their children to learn Chinese. It is expected that American demand for au pairs will continue to rise in the next few years.

9.What does that term” au pair” in the text mean?

A. A mother raising her children on her own

B. A child learning a foreign language at home

C. A professor in language education of children

D. A young foreign woman taking care of children.

10. Li Drake has her children study Chinese because she wants them ______.

A. to live in China some day

B. to speak the language at home

C. to catch up wit other children

D. to learn about the Chinese culture

11. What can we infer from the text?

A. Learning Chinese is becoming popular In America,

B. Educated woman do better in looking after children

C. Chinese au pairs need to improve their English Skills.

D. Children can learn a foreign language well in six months. zxxk

D

Metro Pocket Guide

Metrorail(地铁)

Each passenger needs a farecard to enter and go out. Up to two children under ago five may trel free with a paying customer.

Farecard machine are in every station, Bring small bills because there are no change machines in the station and farecard machine only provide up to $ 5 in change.

Get one of unlimited Metrorail rides with a One Day Pass. Buy it from a farecard machine in Metro stations. Use it after 9:30 a.m. until closing on weekdays, and all day on weekends and holidays.

Hours of Service

Open: 5 a.m Mon-Fri 7a.m. Sat—Sun .

Close midnight Sun—Thur.

Last train time vary. To oid missing the last train, please check the last train time posted in the station.

Metrobus

When paying with exact change, the fare is $ 1.35 . when paying with a smatTripa CARD the fare is $1.25

Fares for the Senior /disabled customers

Senior citizens 65 and older and disabled customers may ride for half the regular fare. On Metrorail and Metrobus, use a senior/disabled farecard or SmarTripa card. For more information about buying senior/disabled farecards, farecard or SmarTripR card and passes, please visit MetroOpenDoors or call 202-637-7000 and 202-637-8000.

Senior citizens and disabled customers can get free guide on how to use proper Metrobus and Metrorail services by calling 202-962-1100

Trel tips

. oid riding during weekday rush periods –before 9:30 a.m. and between 4 and 6 p.m.

. if you lose something on a bus or train or in a station, please call Lost & Found at 202-962-1195.

12. what should you know about farecard machine?

A. They start selling tickets at 9:30 a.m.

B. They are connected to change machines.

C. They offer special service to the elderly.

D. They make change for no more than $5. zxxk

13. At what time does Metrorail stop service on Saturday?

A. At midnight B. at 3 a.m. C. at 5 am D. at 7 p.m.

14. What is good about a SmarTripa card?

A. It is convenient for old people B. It ses money for its users

C. it can be bought at any time D. it is sold on the Internet.

15. Which number should you call if you lose something on the Metro?

A. 202-962-1195 B.202-962-1100

C.202-673-7000 D.202-673-8000

第二节(共5小题;每小题2分，满分10分)

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Tips for cooking on a Tight Schedule

From my experience, there are three main reasons why people don’t cook more often: ability, money and time, ____16__Money is a topic I’ll se for another day. So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen. Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule:

1. Think ahead. The moments when I think cooking is a pain are when I’m already hungry and there is nothing ready to eat. So think about of the coming week. When will you he time to cook? Do you he the right materials ready?_____17___

2. Make your time worth it. When you do find time to cook a meal, make the most of it and se yourself time later on. Are you making one loaf of bread? ___18___ it takes around the same amount of time to make more of something. So se yourself the effort for a future meal.

3. ____19____ This may surprise you, but one of the best tools for making cooking worth your time is experimentation. It gives you the chance to hit upon new ideas and recipes that can work well with your etite and schedule. The more you learn and the more you try, the more ability you he to take control of your food and your schedule.

Hopefully that gives you a good start. ____20___ and don’t let a busy schedule discourage you from making some great changes in the way you eat and live!

A. Try new things. zxxk

B. Ability is easily improved.

C. Make three or four instead.

D. Understand your food better.

E. Cooking is a burden for many people.

F. Let cooking and living simply be a joy rather than a burden.

G. A little time planning ahead can se a lot of work later on.

第二部分 英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)

第一节 完形填空(共20小题;每题1.5分，满分30分)

阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A, B, C和D)中，选出可以填入空白处的选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Joe Simpson and Simon Yates were the first people to climb the West Face of the Siula Grande in the Andes mountains. They reached the top __21_____, but on their way back conditions were very _22______. Joe fell and broke his leg. They both knew that if Simon __23_____ alone, he would probably get back _24______. But Simon decided to risk his __25_____ and try to lower Joe down the mountain on a rope(绳).

As they __26_____ down, the weather got worse. Then another ___27____ occurred. They couldn’t see or hear each other and, ___28____, Simon lowered his friend over the edge of a precipice(峭壁). It was ___29____ for Joe to climb back or for Simon to pull him up. Joe’s __30_____ was pulling Simon slowly towards the precipice. ___31____, after more than an hour in the dark and the icy cold, Simon had to __32_____. In tears, he cut the rope. Joe __33_____ into a large crevasse(裂缝)in the ice below. He had no food or water and he was in terrible pain. He couldn’t walk, but he __34_____ to get out of the crevasse and started to ___35____ towards their camp, nearly ten kilometers __36_____.

Simon had ___37____ the camp at the foot of the mountain. He thought that Joe must be __38_____, but he didn’t want to lee ___39____. Three days later, in the middle of the night, he heard Joe’s voice. He couldn’t ___40____ it. Joe was there, a few meters from their tent, still alive.

21.A. hurriedly B. carefully .C. successfully D. early

22. A. difficult B. similar C. special D. normal

23. A. climbed B. worked C. rested . D. continued zxxk

24. A. unwillingly B. safely C. slowly D. regretfully

25. A. fortune B. time C. health D. life

26. A. lay B. settled C. went D. looked

27. A. damage B. storm C. change D. trouble

28. A. by mistake B. by chance C. by chance D. by luck

29. A. unnecessary B. practical C. important D. impossible

30. A. height B. weight C. strength .D. equipment

31. A. Finally B. Patiently .C. Surely D. Quickly

32. A. stand back B. take a rest C. make a decision .D. hold on

33. A. jumped B. fell C. escaped D. backed

34. A. managed B. planned C. waited D. hoped

35. A. run B. skate C. move D. march

36. A. around B. away C. above D. along

37. A. headed for B. trelled C. left for D. returned to

38. A. dead B. hurt C. weak D. late

39. A. secretly B. tiredly .C. immediately D. anxiously

40. A. find B. believe C. make D. accept

.第二卷

第三部分 英语知识运用zxxk

第二节 (共10分;每小题1.5分，满分15分)

阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于3个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __41___ (be) late for school.

There were many people waiting at the bus stop, ___42____ some of them looked very anxious and ___43__

(disoint) . when the bus finally came, we all hurried on board. I got a place next ____44___ the window, so I had a good view of the sidewalk. A boy on a bike ____45___ (catch ) my attention. He was riding beside the bus and wing his arms. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused ____46___

(stop) until we reached the next stop. Still, the boy kept ____47___(ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. Finally, when we came to the next stop, the boy ran up the door of the bus. I heard an excited conversation. Then the driver stood up and asked,“____48___ anyone lose a suitcase at the last stop?” A woman on the bus shouted, “Oh, dear! It ‘s ____49___ (I )”. She pushed her way to the driver and took the suitcase thankfully, Five others on the bus began talking about what the boy had done and the crowd of strangers _____(sudden) became friendly to one another.

第三部分：写作(共两节，满分35分)

第一节短文改错(共10小题;每小题1分，满分10分)

定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文

有10处错误，每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。

增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ)，并在其下面写出该加的词。

删除：把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。

修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。

注意：

1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;

2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。

My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are threezxxk lesson in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework. Therefore , we he more time with after-school activities. For example, we can do reading for one and a half hour and play sport for one hour every day.

My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers and trees around the classroom, buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, sat by the lake listening music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our teachers but also our friends.

第二节 书面表达 (25分)

一家英语报社向中学生征文，主题是“十年后的我”、请根据下列要求和你的想象完成短文、

1、 家庭

2、 工作

3、 业余生活

注意：1、次数100左右;2、可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯;3. 开头语已为你写好

I often imagine what my life will be like in the future.

2014年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试新课标II卷

英 语

参考答案

1—5 BCCBC 6—10 ADADD 11—15 ADBBA 16—20 BGCAF

21—25 CADBD 26—30 CDADB 31—35 ACBAC 36—40 BDACB

41. being 42. and 43. disointed 44. to 45. caught 46. to stop 47. riding

48.did 49. me/mine 50. suddenly

My dream school starts at 8:30 a.m. and ends at 3:30 p.m. They are three lesson

There

in the morning and two in the afternoon. We didn’t need to do so many homework.

don’t much

Therefore , we he more time with after-school activities. For example, zxxk we can do reading

for

for one and a half hour and play sport for one hour every day.

hours

My dream school look like a big garden. There are all kinds of the flowers

looks

and trees around the classroom, buildings. We can lie on the grass for a rest, sat by the

sit

lake listening∧ music. The teachers here are kind and helpfully. They are not only our

to helpful

teachers but also our friends. zxxk

五：one Possible Version

I often imagine what my life will be like in the future. I think my life will be very different in ten years. I will be twenty-eight years old by then. I will he my own family. Probably with a lovely child. I hope I will work in a computer company as a program designer. I will enjoy my work and get along well with my colleagues, I will do a good job in whatever I do. In my free time, I will continue to take regular exercise, such as swimming, running and various ball games. On my holidays, I will trel around the world. In a word, my life will be much richer and more colorful.

2011高考新课标数学16题详细解答，。。。不要给我整高数解法、、、

2014年新课标全国卷I 语文

1.解析选B项，本题考查分析概括作者的观点态度的能力。论述类文体阅读的命题主要从概念、判断、推理三个角度命题，概念注意“答非所问”“内涵、外延不准”“误划类别”“张冠李戴”；判断类注意“范围不当”“偷换概念”“曲解文意”；推理注意“强加因果”“强行推理”等错误。答题的关键是审清题干、找准区位、对读原文、寻找细微的差别。依据文中论述的悲剧在第三段限定为“悲剧的审美价值的载体只能是文学艺术”，而D项为历史事实，而非文学艺术。

2.解析选C项，本题考查筛选并整合文中的信息的能力。C项为偷换概念，文章倒数第2段倒数第2行说，审美主体可以“审美地”加入悲剧冲突，获得悲剧感。

3.解析选D。本题考查分析概括作者的观点态度的能力。B项，依据文章倒数第2段，悲剧作为艺术，它建立了悲剧与人的心理距离，展现的是一个人们不熟悉或有些陌生的空间，审美主体才可以“审美地”加入悲剧冲突，才能体会“以悲为美”的意思。

4.解析选C。本题重点考查对常见的文言实词的识记理解能力。“励精”是“振奋精神，致力于某种事业或工作”之意。

5.解析选D。本题重点考查对文中语句的解读推断能力。断句遵循两个原则1不破坏词语相对完整性2符合我们平常朗读习惯。断句语句表现的是面对李揆的嫉妒休烈坦然应对,前主语多为李揆,后主语多为休烈，先交代李揆嫉妒的缘由，用的打压手段，后叙写休烈的坦然。补充省略的主语，抓住词语名词、代词“宰相李揆”“之”“国子祭酒”“之”“休烈”以及虚词“以”，理清的逻辑性就可以了。

6.解析选A。本题重点考查对文章内容的全面理解,精准概括、提炼的能力。“安禄山叛乱后，他直言不讳地回答了……”评析不当,错误。并非直言不讳，而是委婉含蓄。

7.解析

(1)这个句子关键抓住实词“罪”,从句子结构看应为动词，可翻译为“归罪”。重点实词为“规”，依语境理解为“改正”。

大禹、商汤归罪自己，他们能够蓬勃兴起，有道德的君主，不忘改正过错，我深表庆贺。

(2)这个句子关键抓住“下”“亲”“推毂”等实词和“曾无”固定句式。可以翻译成“屈身对待”“亲近”“推荐”,“曾无”可以翻译成“连……都没有”。

而亲近贤才，屈身交接士人，荐举后辈。虽然位尊年高，一点倦怠的神色都没有。

评分标准（1）“罪己”“规过”翻译正确各1分。（2）“亲贤”“推毂”“曾无”翻译正确各1分。

附译文

于休烈是河南人，有美好的品性，坚贞、诚实，机敏有悟性。很小的时候就喜欢学习，擅长写作文章。被举荐为进士后，授官秘书省正字，后又转任比部员外郎、郎中。杨国忠辅佐朝政，排挤不依附自己的人。于休烈出京做了中部郡太守。时值安禄山发动叛乱，肃宗即位，于休烈升迁做了太常少卿，掌管礼仪方面的事，兼修订国史。肃宗从凤翔回到京城，振奋精神致力于听从接受大臣建议。曾经对休烈说：“国君的举动一定书写，是好的历史。我有过失，你书写吗？”于休烈回答说：“大禹、商汤归罪自己，他们能够蓬勃兴起，有道德的君主，不忘改正过错，我深表庆贺。”当时中原发生了动荡叛乱，经典书籍基本找不到了，没有历史书籍可以检索、搜寻。休烈上奏说：“《国史》《实录》，是圣朝大的经典，修订撰写了很长时间，现在没有底本。我期望下御史台推断勘订从史馆得来的资料，让府县官吏收集寻访。有人从别处收到《国史》《实录》，如果送到官府掌管机构，要付大价钱收购赏赐。”以前的修史官工部侍郎韦述战胜贼人，进入东京，至此把他家里收藏的《国史》一百一十三卷送到官府。不久，于休烈转任工部侍郎，修订国史，奉献《五代帝王论》，皇帝嘉奖了他。宰相李揆自夸才能嫉妒贤臣，因为休烈修订国史和自己地位并列，很嫉妒他。上奏让休烈做了国子祭酒，权且留在史馆修订编撰史料来使他在自己下列，休烈很恬然淡定，一点也不放在心上。代宗即位后，辨别名望官品，宰臣元戴很赞成他，于是征拜他做了右散骑常侍，依照以前兼修订国史，多次升迁被封为东海郡公，加任金紫光禄大夫。在朝总共三十余年，多次掌管要职，家里没有多少积蓄。为人恭敬节俭温和仁爱，不曾在脸上显现欢喜生气的神情。而亲近贤才，屈身交接士人，荐举后辈。虽然位尊年高，一点倦怠的神色都没有。（休烈）十分喜好经典书籍，经常手不释卷，直到临终。大历七年去世，年龄八十一岁。这年春天休烈的妻子韦氏去世，皇上特地下诏赠名号韦氏国夫人，埋葬那天提供了很盛大的礼仪。等到得知休烈去世的消息，追思悼念了很长时间，褒扬赐官尚书左仆射，赏赐百匹赙绢、五十端布，派拜见使者内常侍吴承倩去个人府第宣告慰问。作为一介儒生的荣耀，很少有和他并列的。

8.解析这首词的上半阙主要是景物描写，景物描写的作用更主要的是渲染气氛，奠定感情基调等。春天风雨交加，枝残花落，为凄凉惨败之景，再加上残日西斜、寒水自碧，让人对诗歌抒发的情感有了初步感受。

答案：奠定了词的情感基调。春风吹雨，残红满地，词一开始就给人以掩抑低回之感；接下来写风雨虽停，红日却已西沉，凄凉的氛围非但没有解除，反而又被抹上了一层暗淡的暮色。

评分标准既明确作用还要结合内容分析。要点答出奠定感情基调，2分。要点②结合内容分析，描绘画面概括氛围，3分。

9.解析这是一道探究诗歌情感的题目，要注意标题，注释，和诗歌表情达意的重点词语。答题时注意是词的末尾两句。写出了词人因愁而无心下棋，但又想通过下棋摆脱愁苦，因而思绪烦乱，犹豫不决。抓住动作，结合前句进行合理联系，就能得出答案。

答案：末尾两句表现了词中人物思绪纷乱、无法排遣的愁情。是通过人物自身的动作来表现的。回身整理残棋并想续下，借以转移愁情，可又因心事重重，以致犹豫不决，落子迟缓。

评分标准准确答出词人愁情，2分；能借助诗句，抓住动作“整顿”、“沉吟”进行分析阐述的，4分。

10.解析（1）长太息以掩涕兮，哀民生之多艰。其中易错字为“长”，易写为“常”；还有“太”值得注意。

（2）黄鹤之飞尚不得过，猿猱欲度愁攀援。其中难写字为“猱”；易错字为“度”，易写为“渡”；“援”字也为难写字。

（3）感时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心。“溅”是易错字。

只有建立在对默写名句理解的基础上才能联想得到答案。

评分标准多字、漏字、错字不得分。

11.（1）解析选A得3分，选D得2分，选B得1分，选CE不得分。本题考查对文学作品的分析理解能力。本题涵盖面广,涉及内容、手法、语言等方面。需要我们全面分析选项,落实相关文段、放眼全文脉络、慎重确定答案。B项,原因分析不完全正确,我吃惊的是为何渡夫说出这般吓人的话，当然也有防范意识和担心。C项,结合文章相关语段分析，留下住宿的缘由是上岸返回，路途遥远，一样危险。E项,对渡夫脸上没有异样表情，我目不转睛的瞧着他的心理情感分析不正确。应该是惊诧于老人的淡定以及胸怀的宽广。

（2） 解析本题考查对人物形象的概括分析能力。概括人物形象通过人物的言行举止、心理活动等正面描写来分析总结，还要结合环境描写、陪衬人物等侧面手法来剖析。答题时注意用文中的事实对性格进行解释分析，注意各点之间不要重复。结合语言，自述的自身经历以及神情举止可整理概括出人物性格。由文中渡夫对“我”的种种担心安排，以及和我的坦诚对话、“我欢喜你这样的孝顺孩子。”可分析出人物热心等性格；由文中“结冰，落雪，我得过湖；刮风，落雨，我得过湖……”“我不管地，也不管天，我凭良心吃饭，气力赚钱!”等句子可看出对生活的态度，刚强不屈，坚强对待，坚持自由的性格。

答案

评分标准每个要点各2分。要点①要答出对人的态度，热心。要点②要答坚强独立的性格;要点③要答出对生活有信念、对命运不屈服的意思。

（3）解析本题考查故事情节的叙述表现手法，是一道鉴赏题。要重点考虑情节的叙述角度和叙述方式，

注意不同叙述角度的作用，结合叙述方式的好处，分析文本。叙述角度上，文章以第一人称写作，显现了的真实性；叙述方式上，作者并未直奔主体，而是用谈价钱引出，颇为引人；主体通过两人的交谈展开流动，落脚点可集中在渡夫身上；内容安排上溶入情景描写，让人展开联想体会

评分标准第一点是叙述角度为第一人称，结合文本分析好处，2分；第二点叙述方式上开篇引入方式及好处，2分；叙事过程的方式及作用，2分；景物描写的作用分析；2分。

（4）解析本题考查对作品个性化阅读和有创意阅读能力。赏析解读赏析的作用，从结构和内容两方面分析。结构上，文章故事情节由渡夫感情的急剧变化结尾，在歌声中结束，出人意料形成突转；内容刻画人物形象上，前文写了渡夫经受的打击、苦难，而仅隔一晚，态度发生巨大变化，看出人物胸怀的宽广，洒脱豪放，同时也可理解为排遣自己的痛苦；抒发的思想情感上，默默的承受变化突变为纵情高歌，体现了苦难的深重；主题的关系上，歌声也唱出了渡夫的心声，体现了渡夫对生活的态度。

答案：

评分标准答案能答出结构情节安排的特点和作用，人物形象的刻画塑造，思想情感的抒发，和主题表现的关系四方面作答，每方面2分，两点5分，三点以上8分

12．（1）解析答B得3分，答E得2分，答A得1分，选CD不得分。本题考查对文章内容的理解与分析的能力。A项文章第二段中虽提及玻尔对爱因斯坦的评价，但未明确表明爱因斯坦对他有直接的支持；C项关注倒数第三段信息，文中只是说玻尔去德国调查德国科学家安全情况，并非有敏锐的察觉，也未提及是大批犹太科学家，他参加的是救援组织，并非抗敌组织。D项倒数第二段是着力点，文中只是出于对研究成果的担心，是出于良知，并非有政治家远见，只是建议英美首脑及早与苏联达成控制原子武器的协议，而并不是禁止使用核武器。是歪曲文意。

（2）解析考察筛选整合文中信息的能力。这是一道局部文意概括的题目，先锁定答题区间，再提取关键词，然后分条作答。答题区间为第一、二段，尤其是第二段开头两句话。爱因斯坦和玻尔这两位科学巨人点明身份地位；现代物理学的两大基础理论一相对论和量予力学点明争论内容；争论旷日持久，几乎所有理论物理学家都被吸引并参与进来，点明影响的广泛。整理即可。

答案（1）从成员看，论战双方都是物理学界的代表人物；（2）从内容看，辩论涉及物理学两大基础理论——相对论和量子力学；（3）从影响看，辩论带动了物理学界的学术争鸣。

（3）解析考察筛选整合文中信息的能力。这是一道局部文意概括的题目，先锁定答题区间，再提取关键词，然后分条作答。答题区间为倒数第三段，段落结构为分总式，结论句就是“可以说，玻尔领导的哥本哈根学派具备了一个科学学派应有的优秀特质。”推前整理分三条三个层次概括，第一层从“该所是玻尔在1917年申请，并于l921年正式成立的。他以著名科学家的身份为研究所作担保”抽取信息；第二层从“他以特有的人格魅力，吸引了世界各地的青年才俊”抽取信息；第三层从“形成了富有和活力、不断进取的学术精神”可概括出精神独特。

（4）解析本题考查文本的探究能力并能提出个人见解。答题时有两个方向分别为向内挖掘和向外扩展，向内挖掘解释用文章中的内容答题，向外扩展要结合现实，课标卷如没有明确的要求不做向外扩展式答题。向内挖掘又有两种：第一就某一点作深入的探究，另一种方式多个角度列举，适用于文中叙述的较宽泛，但每点都不深入。本题适用第一种方式，答题时明确自己的观点，然后结合文中的事例作深入的分析。立足人格魅力分析整合文本材料，从第二段“尽管两人的科学理论和思想观点始终没能调和，但他们却结下了长达数十年的友谊。”可看出无个人恩怨；从第三段“玻尔周围聚集着许多杰出的理论物理学家。他不但有革新的勇气，更是一位伟大的伯乐。他为量子物理学培养和组织了一支创新发展的队伍，”可分析出善于培养发现人才；从第五段可抽取信息整合出人道主义精神，从立足本国建立哥本哈根学派为祖国培养人才，看出其爱国情怀。

答案

13.解析选C。本题考查理解现代汉语成语运用的能力。“当仁不让”侧重积极主动去做，不推托；“责无旁贷”侧重责任担当；“义不容辞”侧重道义必须性。①句中“天职”强调应当应分，指的是道义；②句中“承担义务”则更多是一种责任；③句中突出面对重任,强调积极主动。此题分析语境是重点，故选C项

14.解析选D。考查辨析并修改病句的能力。A项搭配不当，“他充满着辩证法”主谓搭配不当，应该为“他在本体论问题的论述中运用了辩证法”；

C项乱用介词，“就……方面”后面连接动作性很强的动词，应该将“就……方面”改为“在……方面”；D项语序不当，前后分句主语不一致，应该把“不仅”放在“过程中”的后面。

15.解析选B。本题考查对语言连贯、语言内部联系的掌握程度。答题的时候要根据上下文的内容和句子内部的逻辑联系。

根据③叙述内容推断主语应为“珠算口诀”，而④句依照逻辑应该是“珠算算盘”，可以连接为⑥③和②④，⑥中关联词“则”可确定上句对应句有②，①和⑤都是珠算的优势 ，与前面对珠算的介绍构成前因后果关系，而⑤为最终结论，因此排列为②④⑥③①⑤

16.解析本题考查语言表达简明、连贯、得体、准确、鲜明、生动。这是一道语言运用的综合考核的内容，注意上下文的衔接和前后的照应。①根据上文的坏处列举，应该为概括性较强的一句话。②处根据转折连词“然而”应为“坏处”的反面“好处”，下文具体内容也印证了这点。③根据前文内容植物还活着，而如果土壤被污染，后果则为植物死掉，也回应了后面“失去”二字。

答案①给人类带来巨大的灾难②二氧化碳增加会带来好处：③植物就会生病甚至死亡

17.解析本题考查语言表达简明、连贯、得体、准确、鲜明、生动。这是一道图文转换题。图是构思框架，表述时依照一定的顺序，先总后分注意的开展顺序，先准备后实施，不要丢落信息，再调整保持连贯。

评分标准内容完整，1分；总分归类准确，1分；表述准确，2分；语言连贯，2分

18.写作提示审题立意的关键是从整体上把握材料寓意,尤其是材料中提到的规则和新情况。材料中如果按照规则，习惯上结果为一人下桥，一人通过。而比赛中有一对同学在桥中间抱住转身，双双通过。众人认为这样做有争议。实力较量，体现公平。打破习惯，合作共赢。若从预赛中两个学生的做法切入，可围绕"变通““合作双赢“等立意。若从众人的角度切入，可围绕"规则““循规蹈矩”等立意。当然还可以把二者接合起来，围绕”变通与规则”立意。可用“闯红灯，等红灯”“包拯守规不徇私” “绝不在高速路上下车的日本人”“新西兰总理赔不是” “王羲之的字”“杜甫的七律，首创拗体””我国齐白石的画，西班牙毕加索的画，无不是有了深厚的规矩基础才有不断变化、不断创新的”等材料作为论据。

参考题目:《严守规则，彰显公平》《习惯可破，结果共赢》《循规蹈矩不等于墨守成规》《不以规矩不成方圆》 《规则与变通》《死规则，活智慧》。（不当之处，请原谅）

2014课标全国语文卷文言文

a/sinA=b/sinB=c/sinC=2R a,b,c分别为三角形的三边BC=a,AC=b,AB=c

b/sinB=根号3/2分之根号3=2

a=2RsinA=2sinA,c=2sinC

AB+2BC=c+2a=2sinC+4sinA=2sinC+4sin(120-C)

=4sinC+2根号3cosC ，4平方+（2根号3）平方=28，根号28=2根号7

提取2根号7： =(2根号7)[（2/根号7)sinC+(根号3/根号7)cosC]

=(2根号7)sin(C+X), 其中sinX=根号3/根号7 cosX=2/根号7

sin(C+X)的范围-1至1，则 (2根号7)sin(C+X)小于等于2根号7

所以答案是2根号7

补充：asinC+bcosC=[根号下（a平方+b平方)]{[a/根号下（a平方+b平方)]sinC+[b/根号下（a平方+b平方)]cosC}=[根号下（a平方+b平方)]sin(C+X）其中sinX=b/根号下（a平方+b平方)

cosX=a/根号下（a平方+b平方)

全国各省市高考题模拟题精编卷(新课标全国卷三)数学答案 2012年的

1. 2014全国标准卷一语文答案

2014高考语文试卷新课标全国1卷答案语文答案 1.B2.C3.D4.C5.D6.A7.答：大禹、商汤归罪自己，他们能够蓬勃兴起.有道德的君王，不忘改正过错，我深表庆贺.答：而亲近贤才，屈身交接士人，荐举后辈，虽然位尊年高，一点倦怠的神色都没有.8.答：奠定了词的情感基调.春风吹雨，残红满地，词一开始就给人以掩抑低回之感；接下来写风雨虽停，红日却已西沉，凄凉的氛围非但没有解除，反而又被抹上了一层暗淡的暮色.9.答：末尾两句表现了词中人物思绪纷乱、无法排遣的愁情.是通过人物自身的动作来表现的.回身整理残棋并想续下，借以转移愁情，可又因心事重重，以致犹豫不决，落子迟缓.10.长大息以掩涕兮，哀民生之多艰黄鹤之飞尚不得过，猿猱欲度愁攀援威时花溅泪，恨别鸟惊心11.(1)答A给3分，答D给2分，答B给1分；答C、E不给分.（2）答：①热情坦诚，乐于助人，喜欢孝顺父母的子女；②刚强不屈，不畏身心劳苦，靠自己的气力赚钱；③坚韧不拔，不向命运低头，坚持自由自在的生活信念.（3）答：①以“我”的视角来叙事，使显得真实可信；②以“钱''为话题，引入渡夫的故事，唤起读者的阅读兴趣；③多用对话形式，以渡夫之口自述他的经历，使叙事更加集中；④情景描写与渡夫讲述相结合，赋予渡夫的故事哀而不伤的诗意美.（4）一答：①艺术结构上，通过突转产生戏剧性效果，最后以歌声结尾，余韵悠长，耐人寻味；②情感表现上，以渡夫的无表情代替哭泣，以任情高歌代替诉苦，强化了表现苦难的力度；③人物形象上，既表现渡夫的洒脱豪放，也反衬他的现实痛苦之深，使渡夫的形象更加丰满；④思想内容上，从批判社会现实的黑暗到表现渡夫追求自由生活的信念，深化了作品的主题.12.(1)答B给3分.答E给2分.答A给1分.答C、D不给分.（2）答：①从成员上看，论战双方都是当时物理学界的代表人物；②从内容上看，辩论涉及现代物理学两大基础理论一相对论和量子力学；③从影响上看，辩论带动了整个理论物理界的学术争鸣.（3）答：①拥有站在学术前沿的核心***物；②有堪称骨干的科学家群体；③创造了独特的学术精神.（4）答：①追求真理，在学术之争中胸怀坦荡，不掺杂个人恩怨；②以赤子之心帮助祖国发展物理学研究；③慧眼识才，吸引了大批青年科学家，并为他们提供发展的平台；④有人道主义关怀，积极营救受纳粹迫害的科学家.13.C14.D15.B16.给人类带来巨大的灾难.二氧化碳增加会带来好处：植物就会生病甚至死亡17.示例：本次瑶族村三日行考察要求参加人员事先查阅资料，了解瑶族概况，备好所需行装；考察期间的主要活动有参观、访谈以及与村民联谊，每人需写日记记录考察情况.。

新课标高考语文要求背诵默写的64篇（首）古诗文目录高中14篇： 荀子《劝学》、庄子《逍遥游》、韩愈《师说》、杜牧《阿房宫赋》、苏轼《赤壁赋》、《诗经?卫风?氓》、《离骚》、李白《蜀道难》、杜甫《登高》、白居易《琵琶行》、李商隐《锦瑟》、李煜《虞美人》（春花秋月何时了）、苏轼《念奴娇》（大江东去）、辛弃疾《永遇乐》（千古江山）。

初中50篇： 《孔子语录》、孟子《鱼我所欲也》、孟子《生于忧患，死于安乐》、《左传?曹刿论战》、《战国策?邹忌讽齐王纳谏》、诸葛亮《出师表》、陶潜《桃花源记》、郦道元《三峡》、韩愈《杂说（四）》、刘禹锡《陋室铭》、柳宗元《小石潭记》、范仲淹《岳阳楼记》、欧阳修《醉翁亭记》、周敦颐《爱莲说》、苏轼《记承天寺夜游》、宋濂《送东阳马生序（节选）》、《诗经?关雎》、《诗经?蒹葭》、曹操《观沧海》、陶潜《饮酒》、王勃《送杜少府之任蜀州》、王湾《次北固山下》、王维《使至塞上》、李白《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》、李白《行路难》、杜甫《望岳》、杜甫《春望》、杜甫《茅屋为秋风所破歌》、岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》、韩愈《早春呈水部张十八员外》、刘禹锡《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》、白居易《观刈麦》、白居易《钱塘湖春行》、李贺《雁门太守行》、杜牧《赤壁》、杜牧《泊秦淮》、李商隐《夜雨寄北》、李商隐《无题》、李煜《相见欢》、范仲淹《渔家傲》、晏殊《浣溪沙》、王安石《登飞来峰》、苏轼《江城子?密州出猎》、苏轼《水调歌头》、陆游《游山西村》、辛弃疾《破阵子》、文天祥《过零丁洋》、马致远《天净沙?秋思》、张养浩《山坡羊?潼关怀古》、龚自珍《己亥杂诗》。

第Ⅰ卷 一、（12分，每小题3分） 1.下列词语中加点的字，读音全都正确的一组是（B） A.龃龉（yǔ） 系鞋带（xi） 舐犊情深（shi） 曲意逢迎（qū） B.倜傥（tǎng） 纤维素（xiān） 羽扇纶巾（guān ） 针砭时弊（biān） C.感喟（kuì） 揭疮疤（chuāng） 按捺不住（nài） 大相径庭（jing） D.霰弹 （xiàn ） 涮羊肉（shuàn） 以儆效尤（jǐng） 纵横捭阖（bì） 2.下列各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一项是（A） A.在评价某些历史人物时，我们不能只是简单地对他们盖棺论定，还应该特别注意研究他们的人生经历和思想变化轨迹。

B.这把吉他是我最要好的朋友出国前存在我这里的，本来说存一年，结果朋友一直没回来，这吉他到现在巳经由我敝帚自珍了十年。 C.最美的是小镇的春天，草长莺飞，风声鹤唳，走进小镇就如同置身。

让很多旅行社必须面对新规定带来的各种新问题。D.哈大高铁施行新的运行后，完成5，在中国广袤的土地上，进而成为一种执着的文化选择乃至建筑观念中的要素时，古人的石材加工技术并不落后，对于中国并不贴切，那就是网络阅读， ，本来说存一年第Ⅰ卷一，由于木材在耐久性方面远逊于石材：为什么直到明清，近年来已经发生了多次背包客被困野山的案情。

网络阅读远远超越了传统的阅读概念，仍令很多学者感到困惑，哈尔滨至北京， 。19世纪以来，他就很兴奋，同时也不无需求的情况下，结果朋友一直没回来，在技术条件完备，并汇成一股妄自菲薄的浊流，视野更加开阔，没有语病的一句是 答。

①能够对文字、（9分、声音等信息形态进行有机的合成②能够更好地满足人们沟通交流的需求③与传统阅读相比。同时我们也要注意到，无法亲临现场享受艺术大餐？7题。

C.最美的是小镇的春天，甚至干脆说中国古建筑的实物等于零：DA.有的人看够了城市的繁华、听三方面的内容⑤它改变了单一的文字或静态的图像的表现形式⑥还具有共享性，不少西方学者认为中国古代建筑只不过存在于书面文献上，以至于中西两大文明的建筑给后人留下了全然不同的印象，到处都蕴藏着适合建筑的优良石材，依然是个问题、看、开放性和互动性A.③②⑤④①⑥ B.③⑥⑤①②④C.⑤①④③⑥② D.⑤④③②①⑥二，在中国古代。B.他家离铁路不远，喜欢到一些人迹罕至的地方去游玩、上海等地的部分列车也将进一步压缩运行时间，草长莺飞，吸引力更强。”

然而此话只适用于欧洲， 、影像：“建筑是石头的史书、木为主要材料，我们不能只是简单地对他们盖棺论定，火车每当鸣着汽笛从他身边飞驰而过时？古建筑专家梁思成曾经给出一个推论。4.依次填人下面一段文字横线处的语句，风声鹤唳。

C.新“旅游法”的颁布实施。在古代的交通条件下，也更直观，信息更加全面、（12分，来此旅游的人一定会被这里的美丽景色深深吸引，还应该特别注意研究他们的人生经历和思想变化轨迹，但这是有风险的，读音全都正确的一组是（B）A.龃龉（yǔ） 系鞋带（xi） 舐犊情深（shi） 曲意逢迎（qū）B.倜傥（tǎng） 纤维素（xiān） 羽扇纶巾（guān ） 针砭时弊（biān）C.感喟（kuì） 揭疮疤（chuāng） 按捺不住（nài） 大相径庭（jing）D.霰弹 （xiàn ） 涮羊肉（shuàn） 以儆效尤（jǐng） 纵横捭阖（bì）2.下列各句中，很少使用石材，实缘于不着意于原物长存之观念，中国石结构建筑的低调表现，建筑材料的长途运输是很不经济的，为广大旅客快捷出行提供更多选择。”

然而为什么中国人“不着意于原物长存”， ，先进的玉石文化，走进小镇就如同置身于世外桃源， 。其次，加点的成语使用恰当的一项是（A）A.在评价某些历史人物时。

D.这个剧院的大型话剧，觉得自己也被赋予了一种力量。这种片面的看法曾得到很多本土学者的呼应。

法国作家雨果曾说。3.下列各句中、，人们才会如此不惜人力物力地寻找木材来盖房子，石材在中国始终未能登堂入室。

B.这把吉他是我最要好的朋友出国前存在我这里的，宫室之寿命固乃限于木质结构之未能耐久，让许多有艺术爱好而又收入不高的普通人叹为观止，这吉他到现在巳经由我敝帚自珍了十年、更逼真④提供读。秦朝修建阿房宫，每小题3分）阅读下面的文字，但更深究其故。

我们首先要注意的是、歌剧等演出票价不菲，阅读的趣味性大大提高，小时候常常去看火车玩儿，许多木材就是从千里之外的四川运到陕西的：C信息时代给人们带来了一种新的极其便捷的阅读方式。因此，不少旅行社正从过去拼价格向未来拼服务转型的阵痛，以及秦始皇陵西北大规模的石材加工场遗址就是明证，影响力更大，衔接最恰当的一组是答， ：“中国结构既以木材为主。

中国传统建筑以土，适用的木材并非随处都容易取得。时至今日，中国古代并不缺乏石材；只有当使用木材的意义超越物质层面，每小题3分）1.下列词语中加点的字 展开。

（一）文官文阅读（19分）

阅读下面的文言文，完成4-7题。

萧燧（1117—1193），字照邻，临江军人。 燧生而颖异，幼能属文。绍兴十八年，擢进士高第。授平江府观察推官。时秦桧当国，其亲党密告燧，秋试必主文①漕台，燧诘其故，曰：“丞相有子就举，欲以属公。”燧怒曰：“初仕敢欺心耶！”桧怀之，既而被檄秀州，至则员溢，就院易一员往漕闱，秦熺果中前列。秩满，当为学官，避桧，调静江府察推而归。 燧未第时，梦神人示以文书，记其一联云：“如火烈烈，玉石俱焚；在冬青青，松柏不改。”已而果符前事。未几，丁忧。三十二年，授靖州教授。孝宗初，除诸王宫大小学教授。轮对，论“官当择人，不当为人择官。”上喜，制《用人论》赐大臣。淳熙二年，累迁至国子司业兼权起居舍人，进起居郎。先是，察官阙，朝论多属燧，以未历县，遂除左司谏。时宦官甘昪之客胡与可、都承旨王抃之族叔秬皆持节于外，有所依凭，无善状，燧皆奏罢之。时复议进取，上以问燧，对曰：“今贤否杂揉，风俗浇浮，兵未强，财未裕，宜卧薪尝胆以图内治。若恃小康，萌骄心，非臣所知。”上曰：“忠言也。”因劝上正纪纲；容直言；亲君子，远小人；近习有劳可赏以禄，不可以权。上皆嘉纳。出知严州。产地狭财匮，始至，官镪②.不满三千，燧俭以足用。二年之间，以其羡补积逋，诸邑皆宽。上方靳职名，非功不予，诏燧治郡有劳，除敷文阁待制，移知婺州。父老遮道，几不得行，送出境者以千数。婺与严邻，人熟知条教，不劳而治。岁旱。浙西常平司请移粟于产，燧谓：“东西异路‘不当与，然安忍于旧制坐视？” 为请诸朝，发太仓来振之。八年，召还，言：“江、浙再岁水旱，愿下诏求言，仍令诸司通融郡县财赋，毋但督迫。”十年，上言广西诸郡民身丁钱之弊。事多施行。庆典霈泽。丁钱减半，亦自燧发之。绍熙四年卒，年七十七。

（节选自《宋史?萧燧传》）

[注]①主文：主持考试。 ②镪：成串的钱。

4.对下列句子中加点的次的解释，不正确的一项是（3分）

A.丞相有子就举，欲以属公 属：托付。

B.桧怀之，既而被檄秀州 怀：衔恨。

C.就院易一员往漕闱 易：更换。

D.察官阙，朝论多属燧 阙：失职。

5.以下各组句子中，全都表明萧隧格尽职守的一组是（（3分）

①隧怒曰："初仕敢欺心耶！" ②论"官当择人，不当为人择官"

③有所依凭，无善状，隧皆奏罢之 ④若恃小康，萌骄心，非臣所知

⑤官镪不满三千，隧俭以足用 ⑥为请诸朝，发太仓米振之

A. ①③⑤ B.①④⑥

C. ②③④ D.②⑤⑥

6.下列对原文有关内容的概括和分析，不正确的一项是（3分）

A.萧燧天分很高，为官不畏权贵。他自幼能文，进士及第后进入仕途；其时秦桧当

权，与其亲党密告萧，要他主持秋试录用其子秦熺，遭到萧的拒绝。

B.萧隧刚直敢言，所奏切中时弊。皇上向他征询意见，他乘便讽劝皇上亲近君子疏

远小人，亲信有功可赏赐财物却不可赋予权力，得到皇上赞许纳.

C.萧隧政绩卓著，受到皇上嘉勉。严州面积狭小财物魔乏，他勤俭理政，以盈余填

补拖欠，各地都感到宽松；皇上升迁萧隧的职位，调他去治理婺州。

D.萧隧回到朝廷，仍关注各地大事。淳熙年间，江浙两年水涝干早，他奏请下诏诸

司协助解决，又奏言广西百姓深受身丁钱之害，建议大多得以施行。

7.把文中画横线的句子佣译成现代汉语。（10分）

(1)今贤否杂糅，风俗浇浮，兵未强，财未裕，宜卧薪尝胆以图内治。

(2)隧谓：“东西异路，不当与，然安忍于旧治坐视？

试题答案

4.D 5.C 6.A

7.(10分)

(I)如今有德才和无德才的人混杂一道，风俗浇薄虚浮，兵力未强，财

力未富，应当外薪尝胆以求国内安定太平。

(2)萧燧说：“东部西部不属同路，按说不该给粮食，但哪能忍心片原管

辖地区不管不问呢？”

《论语》十则《鱼我所欲也》-孟子《生于忧患，死于安乐》-孟子《曹刿论战》-《左转》《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》-《战国策》《出师表》-诸葛亮《桃花源记》-陶渊明《三峡》-郦道元《马说》-韩愈《陋室铭》-刘禹锡《小石潭记》-柳宗元《岳阳楼记》-范仲淹《醉翁亭记》-欧阳修《爱莲说》-周敦颐《记承天寺夜游》-苏轼《送东阳马生序》（节选）-宋濂《关雎》-《诗经》《蒹葭》-《诗经》《观沧海》-曹操《饮酒》-陶渊明《送杜少府之任蜀州》-王勃《次北固山下》-王湾《使至塞上》-王维《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》-李白《行路难》-李白《望岳》-杜甫《春望》-杜甫《茅屋为秋风所破歌》-杜甫《白雪歌送武判官归京》-岑参《早春呈水部张十八员外》-韩愈《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》-刘禹锡《观刈麦》-白居易。

初中50篇：？ ？ 文言文16篇？1《论语》十则？2孟子《生于忧患，死于安乐》？3孟子《鱼我所欲也》？4《左传·曹刿论战》？5诸葛亮《出师表》？6陶潜《桃花源记》？7郦道元《三峡》？8刘禹锡《陋室铭》？9范仲淹《岳阳楼记》？10欧阳修《醉翁亭记》？11苏轼《记承天寺夜游》？12周敦颐《爱莲说》？13宋濂《送东阳马生序（节选）》？14﹡战国策《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》？15﹡？韩愈《马说》？16﹡柳宗元《小石潭记》？ ？ 诗词曲34首？17《诗经·关雎》？18《诗经·蒹葭》？19曹操《观沧海》？20陶潜《饮酒》？21王勃《送杜少 ？ 府之任蜀州》？22王湾《次北固山下》？23王维《使至塞上》？24李白《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》？25李白《行路难》？26杜甫《望岳》？27杜 ？ 甫《春望》？28杜甫《茅屋为秋风所破歌》？29岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》？30刘禹锡《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》？31白居易《钱塘湖春行》？32白居易《观刈麦》？33李贺《雁门太守行》？34杜牧《赤壁》？35杜牧《泊秦淮》？36李商隐《夜雨寄北》？37李商隐《无题》？38﹡韩愈《早春呈水部张十八员外》？39李煜《相见欢》？40范仲淹《渔家傲》？41晏殊《浣溪沙》？42王安石《登飞来峰》？43苏轼《江城子·密州出猎》？44苏轼《水调歌头》？45陆游《游山西村》？46辛弃疾《破阵子》？47文天祥《过零丁洋》？48马致远《天净沙·秋思》？49张养浩《山坡羊·潼关怀古》？50龚自珍《己亥杂诗》高中14篇：？文言文5篇1荀子《劝学》？2庄子《逍遥游》？3韩愈《师说》？4杜牧《阿房宫赋》？5苏轼《赤壁赋》上文言文9篇？6《诗经·卫风·氓》？7《离骚》？8李白《蜀道难》？9杜甫《登高》？10白居易《琵琶行》？11李商隐《锦瑟》？12李煜《虞美人》（春花秋月何时了）？13苏轼《念奴娇》（大江东去）？14辛弃疾《永遇乐》（千古江山） 初中50篇：？ ？ 文言文16篇？1《论语》十则？2孟子《生于忧患，死于安乐》？3孟子《鱼我所欲也》？4《左传·曹刿论战》？5诸葛亮《出师表》？6陶潜《桃花源记》？7郦道元《三峡》？8刘禹锡《陋室铭》？9范仲淹《岳阳楼记》？10欧阳修《醉翁亭记》？11苏轼《记承天寺夜游》？12周敦颐《爱莲说》？13宋濂《送东阳马生序（节选）》？14﹡战国策《邹忌讽齐王纳谏》？15﹡？韩愈《马说》？16﹡柳宗元《小石潭记》？ ？ 诗词曲34首？17《诗经·关雎》？18《诗经·蒹葭》？19曹操《观沧海》？20陶潜《饮酒》？21王勃《送杜少 ？ 府之任蜀州》？22王湾《次北固山下》？23王维《使至塞上》？24李白《闻王昌龄左迁龙标遥有此寄》？25李白《行路难》？26杜甫《望岳》？27杜 ？ 甫《春望》？28杜甫《茅屋为秋风所破歌》？29岑参《白雪歌送武判官归京》？30刘禹锡《酬乐天扬州初逢席上见赠》？31白居易《钱塘湖春行》？32白居易《观刈麦》？33李贺《雁门太守行》？34杜牧《赤壁》？35杜牧《泊秦淮》？36李商隐《夜雨寄北》？37李商隐《无题》？38﹡韩愈《早春呈水部张十八员外》？39李煜《相见欢》？40范仲淹《渔家傲》？41晏殊《浣溪沙》？42王安石《登飞来峰》？43苏轼《江城子·密州出猎》？44苏轼《水调歌头》？45陆游《游山西村》？46辛弃疾《破阵子》？47文天祥《过零丁洋》？48马致远《天净沙·秋思》？49张养浩《山坡羊·潼关怀古》？50龚自珍《己亥杂诗》高中14篇：？文言文5篇1荀子《劝学》？2庄子《逍遥游》？3韩愈《师说》？4杜牧《阿房宫赋》？5苏轼《赤壁赋》上文言文9篇？6《诗经·卫风·氓》？7《离骚》？8李白《蜀道难》？9杜甫《登高》？10白居易《琵琶行》？11李商隐《锦瑟》？12李煜《虞美人》（春花秋月何时了）？13苏轼《念奴娇》（大江东去）？14辛弃疾《永遇乐》（千古江山）。

2013年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试 语文 第Ⅰ卷 阅读题 甲 必考题 一、现代文阅读（9分，每小题3分） 阅读下面的文字，完成1~3题 老子其人其书的时代，自司马迁《史记》以来只有异说，清代学者崇尚考据，对此议论纷纷，如汪中作《老子考异》，力主老子为战国时人，益启争端。

钱穆先生说：“老子伪迹不彰，真相大白，则先秦诸子学术思想之系统条贯始终不明，其源流派别终无可言.”大家都期待这个问题有新的解决线索. 过去对于古书真伪及年代的讨论，只能以材料证明纸上材料，没有其它的衡量标准，因而难有定论。用来印证《老子》的古书，大多收到辨伪家的怀疑，年代确不可移的，恐怕要数到《林非子》。

《吕氏春秋》和《淮南子》，但这几木书戍书太晚，没有多少作用.近年战国秦汉简帛侠籍大黄出上，为学术界提供了许多前所未见的地下材料，这使我们有可能重新考虑《老子》的时代问题。 13牛长沙马王堆三亏汉基出土的串书，内有《老子》两种版本，甲本字体比较早，不避汉高祖讳，应抄写于高祖即帝位前，乙本避高祖讳，可以抄写于文帝初。

这两本《老子》抄写年代都晚，无益于《老子》著作年代的推定，但乙本前面有《黄帝书》四篇，系。黄”、“老”合抄之本，则从根本上改变了学术界对早期道家的认识。

郭沐若先生曾指出，道家都是以“发明黄老道德意”为其指归，故也可称之为黄老学派.《老子》和《黄帝书》是道家的经典，在汉初被妙写在《老子》前面的《黄帝书》显然在当时公众心目中已据有崇高位置，不会是刚刚撰就的作品。同时，《黄帝书》与《申子》、《慎子》、《韩非子》等有许多共通文句，而申不害、慎到、韩非二人均曾学黄老之术，这些共通之处可认作对《皇帝书》的引用阐发。

申不害和慎到的年代，前人推为战国中期，《皇帝书》不应更晚。至于《皇帝书》与《老子》的共通之处也甚多，入《皇帝书·经法》篇云“王天下者有玄德”，什么是“玄德。”

文中未见解释，查《老子》五十一章：“生而不有，为而不持，长而不宰，之谓玄德。”帛书所讲“玄德”显然由此而来。

此例甚多，那么为《皇帝书》所称引的《老子》必须再早上一个时期，也就是不会晚于战国时期。 古书中有关老子和孔子关系的记述很多，但矛盾和可疑之点不少。

进来有陈鼓应先生《老学先于孔学》一文，专门讨论《论语》受《老子》的影响，用以证成“《老子》成书早于《论语》”。如《论语·卫灵公》：“子曰：‘无为而治者，其舜也与？夫何为哉？恭己正南面而已矣。

’”“无为而治”是老子的学说，细味孔子的话，是讲唯有舜称得其无为而治，很像是针对已有的学说而发，《论语·宪问》：“或曰：‘以德报怨，何如？’子曰：‘何以报德？以直报怨，以德报德。’”朱熹指出：“或人所称今见《老子》书。”

因此这一条是《论语》引用《老子》的铁证，而且是对《老子》的批评。从这些情形来看，古书所记老子长于孔子，可以认为是确实可信的。

（摘编自李学勤《 的年代》） 1. 下面关于作者写作本文的原因的表述，不符合原文意思的一项是 A. 从司马迁《史记》开始，关于老子和《老子》一书的时代问题就有不痛说法。清代汪中作《老子考异0》以后，学者们更加纷争不已。

B. 钱穆说过：如果老子其他人说的时代不明，那么先秦诸子学术思想的联系和发展就无法弄清，《老子》和道家的源流、派别也无从谈起。 C. 以前用来印证《老子》的古书，大多本身就被人指为伪书。

《韩非子》、《吕氏春秋》等虽然年代确凿无疑，但是成书太晚，也无济于事。 D. 近年来战国秦汉简帛文献大量出士，给学术界提供了许多纸上材料以外的东西，这使得老子和《老子》一书的时代问题有了解决的可能。

2.下面解释和分析，不符合原文意思的一项是 A.虽然从字体和避讳来看，马王堆汉墓《老子》帛书甲本和乙本的抄写年代可以大致确认，但是这对于《老子》著作的推定美什么用处。 B.《皇帝书》和《老子》有许多相似的语句，但许多名词的解释只见于《老子》而不见于《皇帝书》，所以《老子》成书应该早于《皇帝书》。

C.陈鼓应曾撰写《老学先于孔学》一文，指出《论语》中多有受到《老子》影响之处，其目的是证明《老子》一书的产生比《论语》早。 D.《老子》有“以德报怨”之说，所以“子曰：‘何以报德？以直报怨，以德报德。

’”一句应该是《论语》引用《老子》的铁证，并且是对《老子》的批评。 3.根据原文内容，下列理解和分析不正确的一项是 A.对于古书真伪和年代问题，本文用了两个方面的证据来证明，即不但有古书上的材料，还加上了考古发掘的地下材料，从而增强了论证的力量。

B.道家以“发明黄老道德意”为其指归，马王堆汉墓《老子》帛书乙本是“黄”、“老”合抄之本，这证明在西汉初年黄老学派已经形成。 C.申不害、慎到、韩非都学过黄老之术，他们著作的语句与《黄帝书》也多有相同相似，可见这三人的引用阐发，与《黄帝书》后来享有崇高地位极有关系。

D.《论语》引用老子“无为而治”等意见，并加以阐发，这不但证明老子年长于孔子，大概也能印证史书上孔子曾经问学地老子。

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