高考专考动词,高考 动词

1.情态动词的高考考点

2.高考复习英语常用动词短语有总的归纳吗？

3.高考怎么考动词

4.高考英语语法主要考哪些

5.高考英语语法:高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词

6.2017高考英语动词不定式专项知识点

7.高考英语中系动词的用法

l．动词+about

　 speak／talk about 谈论　　 think about 思考

　 care about 关心，对……有兴趣 bring about 引起，使发生

　 set about 着手，开始　　　 come about 发生

　 hear about 听说 worry about 为……担心

2．动词+away

　 throw away 扔掉　　　　　　 blow away 吹走

　 carry away 拿走，使入迷　　 clear away 清除掉，消散

　 die away 逐渐消失,减弱　　 pass away 去世

　 wash away 冲走　　　　　　　　 take away 拿走，使消失

　 put away 收拾起来，存起来　 give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送

　 wear away 磨掉，消耗　　　　 break away 摆脱

　 send away 让走开　　　　　　 turn away 把……打发走

3．动词+back

　 keep back 隐瞒，忍住　　　　 look back(on) 回顾

　 hold back 控制住　　　　　　 give back 归还

　 call back 回电话　　　　　　 take back 拿回，收回

4．动词+for　

　 run for 竞选　　　　　　　　 ask for 要求得到

　 wait for 等候　　　　　　　　　 stand for 代表，表示

　 long for 渴望　　　　　　　 hope/wish for 希望得到

　 care for 关心，喜欢　　　　 beg for 乞求

　 search for 查找　　　　　　 look for 寻找

　 call for 需要，要求　　　　 hunt for 寻找

　 change…for 用……换　　　 charge…for 收费，要价

　 apply for 申请 take…for 误以为……是

　 seek for 寻找　　　　　　 come for 来拿，来取5．动词+down

　 burn down 烧毁　　　　　　 break down 坏了，垮了，分解

　 take down 记下，记录　　　 turn down 调小，拒绝

　 cut down 削减，砍倒　　　 slow down 慢下来

　 pass down 传下来　　　　　 put down 记下，写下，镇压

　 calm down 平静下来　　　　 bring down 使……降低，使倒下

　 settle down 安家　　　　 come down 下落，传下

　 tear down 拆毁，拆除

6．动词+at

　 come at 向……袭击　　　　 shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷

　 run at 冲向，向……攻击　 work at 干……活动(研究)

　 tear at 用力撕　　　　　　 look at 看，注视

　 stare at 凝视　　　　　　　 glare at 怒视

　 glance at 匆匆一瞥　　　　　 laugh at 嘲笑

　 knock at 敲(门、窗等)　　　 point at 指向

　 smile at 冲(某人)笑　　　 strike at 向……打击

　 aim at 向……瞄准　　　　 shoot at 向……射击

　 wonder at 惊讶　　　　　 call at 拜访(地点)

7．动词+from

　 differ from 与……不同　　　　 suffer from 受……苦

　 hear from 收到……来信　　　　die from 因……而死

　 keep／stop／prevent…from阻止…… learn from 向……学习

result from 由于 date from 始于……时期　

separate…from 把……分离开

8．动词+of

　 think of 想到 dream of 梦到

　 consist of 由……组成　　　　 speak of 谈到

　 approve of 赞成　　　　　　　 die of 死于

　 talk of 谈到　　　　　　　　 hear of 听说

　 complain of 抱怨　　　　　　 become of 发生……情况，怎么啦

9．动词+off

　 start off 出发 set off 出发

　 leave off 中断　　　 show off 炫耀

　 get off 下车　　　　 take off 脱下，起飞

　 see off 送行　　　　 ring off 挂断电话

　 put off 延期，推迟　　　　come off 脱落，褪色

　 cut off 切断，断绝　　　　　fall off 跌落，掉下

　 keep off 避开，勿走近　　　 go off 消失；坏了,爆炸，不喜欢

　 knock…off 把……撞落　　　break off 打断

　 pay off 还清　　　　　　　 carry off 携走带走，赢得

　 get off 脱下(衣服等)　　　　 give off 散发出

　 turn(switch) off 关掉

10．动词+on

depend on 依靠　　　　　　　rely on 依靠

insist on 坚持　　　　　　　carry on 继续，进行

keep／go on 继续　　　　　　 spend…on 在……花钱

put on 穿上，戴上，上演　　　 call on 拜访

move on 继续移动，往前走　　　live on 以……为生

feed on 以……为生　　　　　　bring on 使……发展

take on 雇用，呈现(新面貌等)　try on 试穿

have on 穿着　　　　　　　　pass on 传授，传递

look on 旁观　　　　　　　　turn(switch) on 打开

11．动词+out

break out 爆发 point out 指出

pick out 选出 figure out 算出，理解

burst out 进发 bring out 阐明，使表现出

carry out 执行，进行 help out 救助

hold out 坚持下去 set out 出发，着手，摆放

wear out 穿破，使……疲劳 turn out 结果是，生产，培养

make out 理解，看清楚 come out 出版，出来

cross out 划掉 leave out 省略，删掉

keep out(of) 使不进入，挡住 work out 算出，想出办法等

find out 查出，弄明白 give out 散发，分发，用完

try out 试用，试验 look out 当心，提防

put out 扑灭 speak out 大胆讲出

hand out 散发 send out 发出，派遣

run out 用完 go out 熄灭

　let out 泄漏，发出(声音)，出租 die out 灭绝

12．动词十in

give in 让步 hand in 上交

bring in 引进，使得到收入 drop in 拜访

result in 导致 succeed in 在……获成功

join in 参加 take in 接纳，吸收，改小

get in 收获，进入 break in 强制进入，插话

fill in 填写 call in 召集，来访

cut in 插入 persist in 坚持

look in 来访，参观

13．动词十into

look into 研究，调查 turn into 变成

burst into 闯入，进发 divide…into 把……分成

change…into 把……变成 put／translate…into 把……译成

run into碰到 send sb to/into sleep 使进入状态

14．动词+over

turn over 翻倒，细想 think over 仔细考虑

go over 审阅，检查，研究 look over 翻阅，检查

get over 克服 run over 压死，看一遍

take over 接管，接替 watch over 看守，照看

fall over 跌倒，摔倒 roll over 翻滚

15．动词十to

belong to 属于 object to 反对

refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅 point to 指向

turn to 向……求助，查阅 stick／hold／keep to 坚持，忠于

see to 处理，料理 come to 共计，苏醒

reply to 答复 get to 到达

bring to 使苏醒把……比作 compare…to 与…相比;把…比作

agree to 同意 write to 写信给

supply…to 为……提供 lead to 导致，通向

add to 增添 attend to 处理,专心，照料

devote…to 贡献给

16．动词+up

grow up 成长，长大 give up 放弃，献出

build up 建立 set up 架起、建立

put up 搭起，架起，安装，住宿，张贴，盖起

do up 整理，包装，打扮

go up 增长，上涨get up 起床，站起

pick up 拾起，学会，用车，来接，收听到

bring up 抚养，呕吐，提出 出现

turn up 开大(音量等)，出席

stay up 挺住，熬夜

take up 开始学，从事，占据

sit up 熬夜 eat up 吃完

use up 用完 tear up 撕碎

lay up 储存 make up构成，组成 编造 弥补

cut up 切碎 join up 联结起来，参军

end up 总结 come up 上来，长出，出现

speed up 加快速度 throw up 呕吐

clear up 整理，收拾，放晴 look up 查找，找出

bum up 烧毁 catch up 赶上

hurry up 赶快 fix up 修理，安排，装置

keep up 保持 hold up 耽搁，使停顿

send up 发射 ring up 打电话

open up 开创，开辟 divide up 分配

break up 分解

17．动词十through

get through 通过，干完，接通电话

look through 翻阅，看一遍，仔细查看

go through 审阅，检查，学习

put…through 接通电话 see through 识破

check through 核对 pull through 渡过危机，康复

18．动词+with

deal with 处理，对付 do with 处理，需要

meet with 遇到，遭受 talk with 同……交谈

agree with 同意，与……一致 compare with 与……相比

combine with 与……相联合 equip…with 以……装备

cover…with 用……覆盖 begin with 以……开始

end up with 以……结束 supply…with 以……供给

provide…with 以……供给 play with 玩，玩弄

19．三词以上的短语动词

add up to 总计 break away from 摆脱

keep away from 避开，别靠近 do away with 废除

look down on 轻视 look up to 仰望，尊敬

put up with 忍受 catch up with 赶上

keep up with 赶上 run out of 用完

make up for 弥补 go on with 继续

get on(along) with 和……相处 look forward to 盼望

get close to 接近 take hold of 握住

get out of 逃避，避免 get down to 认真开始

set fire to 放火烧 pay attention to 注意

take notice of 注意 set an example to 为……榜样

do well in 在……干得好 pay a visit to 访问

take a photo of 拍……照片 take the place of 取代

情态动词的高考考点

系动词

系动词又称联系动词，作为系动词，它本身有词义，但不能单独用作谓语，后边必须跟表语（也称补语），构成系表结构说明主语的状况、性质、特征等情况。

有些系动词又是实义动词，该动词表达实义时，有词义，可单独作谓语，例如：

He fell illyesterday.

（fall是系动词，后跟补足语，说明主语情况

He fell off theladder.

（fall是实义动词，单独作谓语。）

1）状态系动词

用来表示主语状态，只有be一词，例如：

He is a teacher.

（is与补足语一起说明主语的身份。）

2）持续系动词

用来表示主语继续或保持一种状况或态度，主要有keep, rest, remain, stay, lie, stand, 例如：

He always keptsilent at meeting.

This matter restsa mystery.

3）表像系动词

用来表示"看起来像"这一概念，主要有seem, appear, look, 例如：

He looks tired.

He seems (to be)very sad.

4）感官系动词

主要有feel, smell, sound, taste, 例如：

This kind of clothfeels very soft.

This flower smellsvery sweet.

5）变化系动词

表示主语变成什么样，有become, grow, turn, fall, get, go, come,run

He became madafter that.

She grew richwithin a short time.

6）终止系动词

表示主语已终止动作，主要有prove, trun out, 表达"证实"，"变成"之意，例如：

The rumor provedfalse.

The search proveddifficult. 搜查证实很难。

His plan turnedout a success. （turn out表终止性结果）

I、常见系动词错误及其成因：

（1）漏掉系动词

I afraid he won'tcome tomorrow .

( 2 )误用系动词

His hair changedgrey .(混淆了change 与turn，grow)

I.系动词分类：

一、根据系动词后所跟结构，分为两大类：完全系动词（其后只能跟表语的动词，如be）和半系动词（其后既可跟表语作系动词用法，也可跟宾语或状语作实义动词用，如look）

He looked sad atthe news.

（“看起来”，系动词用法）

He looks at aclever boy.

（“看着”，实义动词用法）

在英语中，某一动词是多义词，既有实义动词用法，又有系动词用法。常见的有：

listen， look ，touch ，hear，see ，sound ，feel， taste ，remain ，keep，stay， turn，become

二、根据系动词的意义，分为四类：

A．五大感官系动词 B．状态系动词

C．动态系动词 D．双谓语系动词

A．五大感官系动词，描述一种感官性质。由实义感官动词变化而来，都是半系动词

1．look“看起来像是”，后接adj.、n.、分词、介词短语、不定式等。

The girl bit herlips and looked thoughtful.

2．smell“闻起来”，后接adj.，分词。

The flowers smellsweet.

3．sound“听起来”，后接adj.，分词。

The music soundssweet.

4．taste“尝起来”，后接adj.，分词。

The apples tastevery good.

5．feel①“摸起来，给……感觉”；②“觉得”，后接adj

The silk feelsvery soft.

You will feelbetter after a night’s sleep.

B．状态系动词：

1．be，“是”，完全系动词。

I am a student.

2．seem,“似乎，好像”，完全系动词。

They seem quitehappy.

3．appear,“显得，看起来好像”，半系动词。

He appeared tiredand sleepy.

It appeared(tobe)a true story.

Now it appears tome that he may play an important part in settling the problem. （在我看来）

4．keep, “保持……的状态”，半系动词，后接adj或介词短语。

You’d better go to bed and keep warm.

5．remain,“仍是”，半系动词。

I remained silent.

6．stay“保持（某种状态）”，半系动词，后接adj.、过去分词。

The window stayedopen all the night.

7.prove “证明是”，半系动词，后接adj.，n.

The treatmentproved to be successful.

C．动态系动词：都属于半系动词，描述状态变化过程。

1．get“变成，变得……起来”，后可接形容词、分词、介词短语。

The days aregetting longer and longer.

The train didn’t get going again.

It’s nothing to get excited about.

My watch gets outof order.

2．fall“进入（某种状态），成为”，后常接以下形容词：

asleep, silent,ill, sick

The old man,unable to express himself, fell silent.

My father fell illand died.

3．grow“渐渐变得……起来，长得”

You will grow usedto it.

It’s growing warm.

4．turn“转变成（新的与原来完全不同的色彩或性质），变质（色）”。

Maple trees turnred in autumn.

It was cloudy thismorning, but fortunately it has turned fine.

He has turnedwriter.

（注意：此时writer之前无冠词a.）

5．go，“变成（某种坏的状态）”

The telephone hasgone dead.

The material hasgone a funny colour. (奇怪)

go之后常接的adj. 还有：bad, blind, wild, wrong, sour, hard, hungry,mad, red, with, anger, white, pale, blue, grey

6．become“变成，成为（好坏均可的情况）”

He became angrywith me.

It became dark.

They became goodfriends.

I becameinterested in drawing.

7．come，“变成为（已知的状态），证实为”，后接形容词或前缀un-的过去分词作表语，表示状态或情况的变化。

His wish to becomea pilot has come true.

If you look intothe matter, everything will come clear.

My shoelaces havecome undone.

后面常接的形容词还有：apart, dear（昂贵），natural,open, untied（松开）。

8．run,“变成”，后接adj.

The well has rundry.

The price ranhigh.

9．make，“达到某种状态[后接形容词]，如sure, certain, merry, bold, free

We must makecertain of facts.

我们一定要弄清事实。

The Children makefree with the apples.

孩子们随便吃苹果。

D．双谓语系动词

此类系动词既有系动词的功能，后接表语，又保留原实义动词本身的含义。例如：

The run rose red. 太阳升起红艳艳。

She stopped andstood quite still.

The book lay openon the table.

The snow lay thickon the ground.

He marriedyoung.

The window blew open.

III．系动词用法应注意的八个问题

1．系动词的进行时态应分情况讨论

一般，状态系动词无进行时态，而动态系动词有进行时态。但在某些情况下，状态系动词也有进行时态，表示两个用途：

(1)表示一种短暂的、反常的状态。如：

He is being kind.

他装出和蔼可亲的样子（一时而不能持久的性质）

(2)表示一种探询口气，使语言客气、生动、亲切。例如：

I hope you arekeeping well.

（语气委婉）

Are you feelingany better?

（语气亲切）

试比较：

Your hand feelscold.

你的手摸起来冰凉（无意识的静态性质）

不可以说：

Your hand isfeeling cold.(×)

The doctor isfeeling her pulse.

医生正在给她把脉（有意识的动态动作）

The soup tastesgood.

这汤的味道不错（静态性质，无进行时）

The cook istasting the soup.厨师在尝汤的味道。（动态动作，有进行时）

总之，系动词有无进行时态应随系动词的意义或其语境变化而变化。在概述某一动词的进行时态时，不能笼统地说feel，smell无进行时，应指出其意义及其语用环境。以smell为例

①smell作“嗅觉”的能力时，虽是实义动词，但指的是一种性质的存在状态不能用于进行时态，常与can, could, be able to连用。

The camels cansmell the water a mile off.

骆驼能嗅出一英里外有水。

②指“嗅、闻”的动作时，实义动词，可用于进行时态。

The girl issmelling the flower.

③smell指“含有……气味”，“发出……气味”等事物性质时，半系动词，无进行时态。

The dinner smellsgood.

2．系动词的时态与形容词的比较级连用的问题

某些含有变化意义的动态系动词如get, become, grow, turn等的进行时态可与形容词的比较级连用，表示渐进过程，其意思是“越来越……”。

He is growingtaller and taller.

Our life isgetting better and better.

The things aregetting worse.

3．所有半系动词的被动语态要分情况讨论

某动词在作系动词用时，无被动语态，而作实义动词用时，才有被动语态

不能说： The apple is tasted good.

（因为taste此时是系动词，“尝起来”之意，指的是苹果的性质，无被动语态）

但可以说： The apple is tasted by me.

（taste此时指“尝一尝”这一动作，有被动语态）

因此要注意半系动词在具体的语言环境中到底是系动词用法还是实义动词用法

4．瞬间动态系动词能否与时间段连用的问题

某些表示瞬间意义的系动词不能与“for+时间段，since+时间点，how long until+时间,by + 时间，so far”直接连用

①不能说：

He has become ateacher for 2 years.

应改为：

He has been ateacher for 2 years.

②不能说：He has turned writer since 3 years ago.

应改为：He has been a write since 3 years ago.

或It is two years since he turned writer.

③不能说：He got angry until his child came backhome.

应改为：He didn’t getangry until his child came back home.

5．系动词能接几种表语（从句）

系动词除了接adj.\n.\介词短语，某些adv.以外，还可接以下几种表语形式：

①能接as if/as though表语从句的系动词有：look，smell，sound，feel；appear（显得），seem（似乎）

It looks as if weare going to have snow.

He looked as if hehad just stepped out of my book of fairy tales.

It seems as if it werespring already.

②可用于“It+系动词+that从句”结构的有：seem, appear, 不可用be, look

It seemed that hehad made some serious mistakes in his work.

It appeared thathe was talking to himself.

③能用不定式作表语的系动词有：be, seem, get, look, appear, prove, grow.

Her job is to lookafter the children.

He looks to be ayoung girl of twenty.

④能与there连用的系动词有：be,appear, seem.

There appeared tobe only one room.

There seems(tobe)no need to go.

6．能用两种否定形式的系动词有两个：seem, appear.

It doesn’t seem that we can get our money back.

= It seems that wecan’t get our money back.

He seems not to beher father.

= He doesn’t seem to be her father.

The baby doesn’t appear to be awake.

= The baby appearsnot to be awake.

7、几组易混系动词的区别

系动词的区别主要从两个方面作比较，一是其意义，二是其结构。

1）get, become, go, turn, grow“变成”

get：“变得”口语。后接形容词、现在分词、过去分词、介词短语、不定式作表语，但不能与名词直接连用。

become：“变成，成为（好坏情况均可）。”后接形容词、名词、过去分词作表语，不能与不定式连用。

go：“变成（某种由好到坏的情况）”，后接形容词、过去分词、名词作表语。

Turn：“转变成”强调与原来不同的、新的变化，如变质、变色等。后接形容词、不带冠词的名词作表语，后不接不定式。

grow：“逐渐变得……”，强调其变化过程。后接形容词、分词、不定式，不可直接跟名词。

2）look, seem, appear“好像”

三者作系动词时在意义上的区别：

look：“好像，看起来”，一般用于非正式场合，侧重指从本身外表特征上由视觉得到的印象。

seem ：“似乎，好像”，指说话人内心的估计与判断，有一定依据，接近于实际情况。

appear：“显得，好像”，常用于正式文体中，指某事物或人给他人的表面印象，有时含有实质上并非如此之意。

He looks like hisfather. （指其长相看起来相像）

He seems like hisfather. （指说话人从个性方面得到的判断）

He appears likehis father.（指他的外貌、衣着给他人的印象）

3）keep, remain, stay“保持……状态”

①keep作系动词时，“保持……状态”，后接adj.或介词短语：alive,awake,cheerful,silent,dry,well,fit,fine,close,clean,happy

Have you kept wellall these years?

I hope it willkeep fine.

In order to keepfit, all students go in for sports.

We’d better keep in touch.

②remain，系动词“仍然存在……状态”，后接adj.、过去分词、名词或介词短语，强调某种状态前后无变化。

The door remainedclosed.

门仍然关着。

Your room remainslike this.

你的房间依旧是这样子。

③stay，作系动词用时“保持……状态”，后接形容词、分词。

That fellow stayedsingle.

那个小伙子仍保持单身。

It’s easy to stay hidden.

躲起来很容易。

后常接的形容词有：calm, clean, fresh, healthy, young, open,awake, warm, fine, 常可与keep互换。如：

Stay/keepcalm(clean, fine, healthy, awake等)

①What you have said_______.

A．is soundedinteresting

B．soundsinteresting

C．soundinterested

D．listensinterested

②The class begins. Please keep________.

A．silent B．silence

C．the silence D．silently

③Look! Several people in the crowdseemed_______.

A．to be fighting B．to havefought

C．being fought D．havingfought

④How _____the song she sings sounds! I havenever ______a better voice.

A．beautifully, sounded

B．beautiful, sounded

C．sweet, listened to

D．sweet, heard

⑤Her feeling about the marriage ______ratherstrange.

A．is looked B．is seemed

C．seems D．isappeared

⑥John _____driver since two months ago.

A．became a B．has becomea

C．has turned D．has been a

⑦The ice_____ thick on the river.

A．is lain

B．lay

C．laid

D．lie

高考复习英语常用动词短语有总的归纳吗？

情态动词 词义&用法 注意事项 特殊用法 can

could 1.表具备某种能力 Can表现在能力；Could表示过去能力.可用be able to代替；was/were able to 表示成功做了某事 （1）表惊异、怀疑、不相信、不耐烦等。（此意常用于否定句、疑问句或惊叹句语气）Can/Could this be true?

（2）can not…too\enough表示无论怎样``````也不过分,越``````越好：

You can't be too careful.

你越细心越好 2.表请求和允许 ①请求用could 语气委婉

②允许不用 could. 3.表“可能性” ①　can用于否定和疑问句(could不限)

②　can (be)表示有时候会（常与sometimes, at times 连用） may

might 1.表请求和允许 ①请求用might语气更委婉。

②允许时用may，表示“可以”（表示允许时不用might）。 （1）may/might well+V原形：表完全可能,，很可能= be very likely to:He may well be proud for his son.

（2）may/might as well+V原形：最好，满可以，倒不如

You may as well stay here over night. 2.表可能性“也许” 此意常用于肯定句。（might可能最小） 3表祝愿 固定句型为“May+主语+V原型”：

May you succeed! must 1.表“必须” ①　must多表主观、现在/将来义务; have to多表客观、过去义务

②　mustn't表禁止；否定用needn't / don't have to （1）表示必然结果：

All men must die.人固有一死。

（2）表示一种与说话人愿望相反、不耐烦的感彩，可译为“一定要、偏偏、非要”：

If you must know, her name is Mary. 2.表推测：“肯定是、准是” 只用于肯定句。在否定句/疑问句中用can/could will

would 1.表意愿,决心等 Would此时为will过去式，无意义差别 （1）will表命令（说话者确定命令一定会得到执行）或允诺：You will report to me afterwards.(命令)They will get enough money from me.(允诺)

（2）可用于祈使句附加疑问句(反义疑问句)：(此时would比will委婉) Don’t go now, will you?

（3）would短语：would rather/would prefer宁愿；would like/would love喜欢/想要（见注意①） 2.表经常性，习惯性，倾向性， Would表过去反复的动作/某种倾向(相对于used to无“现已无此习惯”之义。) 3.表功能，性质 叙述真理：The tree will leave without water for 3 months. 4.表估计：“想必，大概”（只时态区别） 此意表对目前事物的预料。That will be the postman ringing.(would表示过去/现在；will表示现在/将来) 5.表“请求/要求”

（Will you？） 此意用于疑问句，常与you连用

Will you give me a piece of paper? shall

（shan’t） 1.表征求意见（“好不好”） 用在第一、三人称Shall the reporters wait outside or what? 点2其他示例：

He shall have the book when I finish reading.(允诺)

You shall fail if you don't work harder.（警告）

You shall come at once.（命令） 2.表允诺、威胁、警告、命令或根据规定有义务做 用于第二、第三人称

Passengers shall not talk with the driver while the bus is moving 3.表规章、法令、预言：“必须” 用于所有人称

Every competitor shall wear a number should

ought to 1.表示道义上的责任，义务或要求， 有时表示劝告：You ought to /should pay more attention to what your lawyer says. （1）should 用于疑问句中表示说话人对某事不能理解，惋惜，感到意外，赞叹，愤怒、惊异等感情，意为“竟会”，有时也用于陈述句中

（2）Should还可以用在if引导的条件从句，表示一件事听起来可能性很小，但也不是完全没有可能，相当于“万一”的意思。（见注意②） 2.表示推测和可能性，是“ (按理说)应该”之意 肯定的语气没有must用于推测时强

This pen ought to /should be yours. 3.表示说话人的一种谦逊，客气，委婉的语气 此意常用于第一人称时：

You are mistaken , I should say . (依我看你是搞错了)

高考怎么考动词

l．动词+about\x0d\　 speak／talk about 谈论　　 think about 思考\x0d\　 care about 关心，对?有兴趣 bring about 引起，使发生\x0d\　 set about 着手，开始　　　 come about 发生\x0d\　 hear about 听说 worry about 为?担心\x0d\2．动词+away\x0d\　 throw away 扔掉　　　　　　 blow away 吹走\x0d\　 carry away 拿走，使入迷　　 clear away 清除掉，消散\x0d\　 die away 逐渐消失,减弱　　 pass away 去世\x0d\　 wash away 冲走　　　　　　　　 take away 拿走，使消失\x0d\　 put away 收拾起来，存起来　 give away 背弃，泄漏，赠送\x0d\　 wear away 磨掉，消耗　　　　 break away 摆脱\x0d\　 send away 让走开　　　　　　 turn away 把?打发走\x0d\3．动词+back\x0d\　 keep back 隐瞒，忍住　　　　 look back(on) 回顾\x0d\　 hold back 控制住　　　　　　 give back 归还\x0d\　 call back 回电话　　　　　　 take back 拿回，收回\x0d\4．动词+for　\x0d\　 run for 竞选　　　　　　　　 ask for 要求得到\x0d\　 wait for 等候　　　　　　　　　 stand for 代表，表示\x0d\　 long for 渴望　　　　　　　 hope/wish for 希望得到\x0d\　 care for 关心，喜欢　　　　 beg for 乞求\x0d\　 search for 查找　　　　　　 look for 寻找\x0d\　 call for 需要，要求　　　　 hunt for 寻找\x0d\　 change?for 用?换　　　 charge?for 收费，要价\x0d\　 apply for 申请 take?for 误以为?是\x0d\　 seek for 寻找　　　　　　 come for 来拿，来取5．动词+down\x0d\　 burn down 烧毁　　　　　　 break down 坏了，垮了，分解\x0d\　 take down 记下，记录　　　 turn down 调小，拒绝\x0d\　 cut down 削减，砍倒　　　 slow down 慢下来\x0d\　 pass down 传下来　　　　　 put down 记下，写下，镇压\x0d\　 calm down 平静下来　　　　 bring down 使?降低，使倒下\x0d\　 settle down 安家　　　　 come down 下落，传下\x0d\　 tear down 拆毁，拆除\x0d\6．动词+at\x0d\　 come at 向?袭击　　　　 shout at 冲(某人)嚷嚷\x0d\　 run at 冲向，向?攻击　 work at 干?活动(研究)\x0d\　 tear at 用力撕　　　　　　 look at 看，注视\x0d\　 stare at 凝视　　　　　　　 glare at 怒视\x0d\　 glance at 匆匆一瞥　　　　　 laugh at 嘲笑\x0d\　 knock at 敲(门、窗等)　　　 point at 指向\x0d\　 smile at 冲(某人)笑　　　 strike at 向?打击\x0d\　 aim at 向?瞄准　　　　 shoot at 向?射击\x0d\　 wonder at 惊讶　　　　　 call at 拜访(地点)\x0d\7．动词+from\x0d\　 differ from 与?不同　　　　 suffer from 受?苦\x0d\　 hear from 收到?来信　　　　die from 因?而死\x0d\　 keep／stop／prevent?from阻止? learn from 向?学习 \x0d\ result from 由于 date from 始于?时期　\x0d\ separate?from 把?分离开 \x0d\8．动词+of\x0d\　 think of 想到 dream of 梦到\x0d\　 consist of 由?组成　　　　 speak of 谈到\x0d\　 approve of 赞成　　　　　　　 die of 死于\x0d\　 talk of 谈到　　　　　　　　 hear of 听说\x0d\　 complain of 抱怨　　　　　　 become of 发生?情况，怎么啦\x0d\9．动词+off\x0d\　 start off 出发 set off 出发\x0d\　 leave off 中断　　　 show off 炫耀\x0d\　 get off 下车　　　　 take off 脱下，起飞\x0d\　 see off 送行　　　　 ring off 挂断电话\x0d\　 put off 延期，推迟　　　　come off 脱落，褪色\x0d\　 cut off 切断，断绝　　　　　fall off 跌落，掉下\x0d\　 keep off 避开，勿走近　　　 go off 消失；坏了,爆炸，不喜欢\x0d\　 knock?off 把?撞落　　　break off 打断\x0d\　 pay off 还清　　　　　　　 carry off 携走带走，赢得\x0d\　 get off 脱下(衣服等)　　　　 give off 散发出\x0d\　 turn(switch) off 关掉\x0d\10．动词+on\x0d\　　depend on 依靠　　　　　　　rely on 依靠\x0d\　　insist on 坚持　　　　　　　carry on 继续，进行\x0d\　　keep／go on 继续　　　　　　 spend?on 在?花钱\x0d\　　put on 穿上，戴上，上演　　　 call on 拜访\x0d\　　move on 继续移动，往前走　　　live on 以?为生\x0d\　　feed on 以?为生　　　　　　bring on 使?发展\x0d\　　take on 雇用，呈现(新面貌等)　try on 试穿\x0d\　　have on 穿着　　　　　　　　pass on 传授，传递\x0d\　　look on 旁观　　　　　　　　turn(switch) on 打开\x0d\11．动词+out\x0d\　　break out 爆发 point out 指出\x0d\　　pick out 选出 figure out 算出，理解\x0d\　　burst out 进发 bring out 阐明，使表现出\x0d\　　carry out 执行，进行 help out 救助\x0d\　　hold out 坚持下去 set out 出发，着手，摆放\x0d\　　wear out 穿破，使?疲劳 turn out 结果是，生产，培养\x0d\　　make out 理解，看清楚 come out 出版，出来\x0d\　　cross out 划掉 leave out 省略，删掉\x0d\　　keep out(of) 使不进入，挡住 work out 算出，想出办法等\x0d\　　find out 查出，弄明白 give out 散发，分发，用完\x0d\　　try out 试用，试验 look out 当心，提防\x0d\　　put out 扑灭 speak out 大胆讲出\x0d\　　hand out 散发 send out 发出，派遣\x0d\ run out 用完 go out 熄灭\x0d\　let out 泄漏，发出(声音)，出租 die out 灭绝\x0d\12．动词十in\x0d\　　give in 让步 hand in 上交\x0d\　　bring in 引进，使得到收入 drop in 拜访\x0d\result in 导致 succeed in 在?获成功\x0d\　　join in 参加 take in 接纳，吸收，改小\x0d\　　get in 收获，进入 break in 强制进入，插话\x0d\　　fill in 填写 call in 召集，来访\x0d\　　cut in 插入 persist in 坚持\x0d\　　look in 来访，参观\x0d\13．动词十into\x0d\　　look into 研究，调查 turn into 变成\x0d\　　burst into 闯入，进发 divide?into 把?分成\x0d\　　change?into 把?变成 put／translate?into 把?译成\x0d\　　run into碰到 send sb to/into sleep 使进入状态\x0d\14．动词+over\x0d\　　turn over 翻倒，细想 think over 仔细考虑\x0d\　　go over 审阅，检查，研究 look over 翻阅，检查\x0d\　　get over 克服 run over 压死，看一遍\x0d\　　take over 接管，接替 watch over 看守，照看\x0d\　　fall over 跌倒，摔倒 roll over 翻滚\x0d\15．动词十to\x0d\　　belong to 属于 object to 反对\x0d\　　refer to 谈到，涉及，参阅 point to 指向\x0d\　　turn to 向?求助，查阅 stick／hold／keep to 坚持，忠于\x0d\　　see to 处理，料理 come to 共计，苏醒\x0d\　　reply to 答复 get to 到达\x0d\　　bring to 使苏醒把?比作 compare?to 与?相比;把?比作\x0d\　　agree to 同意 write to 写信给\x0d\　　supply?to 为?提供 lead to 导致，通向\x0d\　　add to 增添 attend to 处理,专心，照料\x0d\　　devote?to 贡献给\x0d\16．动词+up\x0d\　　grow up 成长，长大 give up 放弃，献出\x0d\　　build up 建立 set up 架起、建立\x0d\　　put up 搭起，架起，安装，住宿，张贴，盖起\x0d\ do up 整理，包装，打扮 \x0d\　　go up 增长，上涨get up 起床，站起 \x0d\ pick up 拾起，学会，用车，来接，收听到\x0d\　　bring up 抚养，呕吐，提出 出现\x0d\ turn up 开大(音量等)，出席\x0d\ stay up 挺住，熬夜\x0d\ take up 开始学，从事，占据\x0d\sit up 熬夜 eat up 吃完\x0d\　　use up 用完 tear up 撕碎\x0d\　　lay up 储存 make up构成，组成 编造 弥补\x0d\ cut up 切碎 join up 联结起来，参军\x0d\　　end up 总结 come up 上来，长出，出现\x0d\　　speed up 加快速度 throw up 呕吐\x0d\　　clear up 整理，收拾，放晴 look up 查找，找出\x0d\　　bum up 烧毁 catch up 赶上\x0d\　　hurry up 赶快 fix up 修理，安排，装置\x0d\　　keep up 保持 hold up 耽搁，使停顿\x0d\　　send up 发射 ring up 打电话\x0d\　　open up 开创，开辟 divide up 分配\x0d\　　break up 分解\x0d\17．动词十through\x0d\　　get through 通过，干完，接通电话 \x0d\ look through 翻阅，看一遍，仔细查看\x0d\　　go through 审阅，检查，学习 \x0d\ put?through 接通电话 see through 识破 \x0d\ check through 核对 pull through 渡过危机，康复\x0d\18．动词+with\x0d\　　deal with 处理，对付 do with 处理，需要\x0d\　　meet with 遇到，遭受 talk with 同?交谈\x0d\　　agree with 同意，与?一致 compare with 与?相比\x0d\　　combine with 与?相联合 equip?with 以?装备\x0d\　　cover?with 用?覆盖 begin with 以?开始\x0d\　　end up with 以?结束 supply?with 以?供给\x0d\　　provide?with 以?供给 play with 玩，玩弄\x0d\19．三词以上的短语动词\x0d\　　add up to 总计 break away from 摆脱\x0d\　　keep away from 避开，别靠近 do away with 废除\x0d\　　look down on 轻视 look up to 仰望，尊敬\x0d\　　put up with 忍受 catch up with 赶上\x0d\　　keep up with 赶上 run out of 用完\x0d\　　make up for 弥补 go on with 继续\x0d\　　get on(along) with 和?相处 look forward to 盼望\x0d\　　get close to 接近 take hold of 握住\x0d\　　get out of 逃避，避免 get down to 认真开始\x0d\　　set fire to 放火烧 pay attention to 注意\x0d\　　take notice of 注意 set an example to 为?榜样\x0d\　　do well in 在?干得好 pay a visit to 访问\x0d\take a photo of 拍?照片 take the place of 取代

高考英语语法主要考哪些

动词考察的方面比较多。可以说学语法主要学动词。动词时态，语态，动词搭配，动词非谓语

动词短语 1. 动词不变搭配不同的副词： give away，give up give in give off

2.同一副词搭配不同的动词：turn out, bring out, figure out find out

这样的题目不要单纯记忆，最好和具体的题目结合在一起有了语境就好记忆了。

非谓语——做主语，宾语 ，定语，状语，补语，表语。就是不能做谓语。

形式3种：不定式，现在分成，过去分词。

从时态， 语态和成分来学习就容易明白。

高考英语语法:高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词

一、非谓语动词

“非谓语动词”可分为动词不定式、动名词和分词。它在句子中的作用很多：除了不作谓语外，它可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语与复合宾语(主语补语或宾语补语)。有些及物动词后面接不带to的不定式作复合宾语。这些动词归纳如下：一感(feel)．二听(hear，listen to)，三让(have，1et， make)，四看(see，watCh，notice，observe)。再加上help somebody(to)do something和美国英语look at somebody do somthing。还有“二让”属特殊：get somebody to do something 与keep somebody doing。而有些及物动词后面接动名词(the -ing form)作宾语。这些动词归纳为一句话：Papa C makes friends。这是由如下动词的开头字母组成：permit，advise， practise，avoid,consider,mind, allow,keep,enjoy,suggest, finish，risk，imagine,escape,need，delay，stand(忍受)。 为了容易记住，也可以编成顺口溜：“允许完成练习，建议避免冒险，考虑延期逃跑，喜欢保持想象，需要反对忍受”。其相对应的动词依次是：permit/allow,finish,practise；

advise／suggest， avoid，risk： consider， delay， escape／miss； enjoy／appreciate， keep， imagine； need/want／require,mind． can't help／can’t stand。

二、复合句

1、学生最容易混淆的是定语从句与同位语从句的区别。

例如：A、The news that our team has won the match is true． (同位语从句)

B、The news that he told us surprised everybody here． (定语从句)

关键的区别在于连接或关系代词that：有意义的是定语， 无意义的是同位。因为引导定语从句的that在从句中作主语或 宾语，而引导同位语从句的that只起到连接词的作用。

2、接着容易混淆的是引导定语从句的关系代词that与 which：that之前是不定(代词)、序数(词)、(形容词)最高级：which之前是介词短语与逗号(非限制性)。

例如：A、All that we have to do is to practise every day．

B、The first lesson that I learned will never be forgotten．

C、I have lost my pen，which I like very much.

D、The house in front of which there is a garden is my home．

三、It的用法

1、It除了代替人和物以外，还可以作形式主语。而真正的主语(不定式、动名词或从句)则放于谓语或表语之后。

例如：It is nor easy to finish the work in two days.

然而有少数表语之后接动名词作真正的主语。这些表语是：无助(no help)、无用(no use)、没好处(no good)；工作(hard work)、费时(a waste of time)、又危险(a danger)。

例如：A、It is no use crying over spilt milk.

B、It is a waste of time waiting for him．

2、It还可以作形式宾语。通常下列动词后面可接it作形式宾语：2f2tcjm(find，feel,think,take,consider，judge, make)。

例如：A、He made it clear that he was not interested in this subject．

B、I think it no use arguing with him.

3、It用于强调句式。要强调句子的某一部分(主语、宾语、 状语)，可以把it当作先行词。这种句子的结构是：It is(was)+ 被强调部分+that(who)+句子的其余部分。

例如：A、It iS Professor Lin who teaches us English—(强调主语)

B、It was in Shanghai that l saw the film.—(强调状语)

C、It was in 1990 that I worked in the factory．(同上)

但要注意与定语从句的区别。

例如：D、It was 1990 when I worked in the factory．(定语从句)

在强调句式里，我们把强调结构It is(was)…that除去，句子还很完整。如例句C。而例句D就不能。

四、倒装结构

学生容易混淆的是全部倒装与部分倒装。如何区分之，编个顺口溜：副(adv.)介(prep．)提前全倒装，其它句式部分倒；否定提前倒助动，让步状语倒表语；复合句式倒主句，不

倒装的属特殊。下面举例说明：

A、Here comes the bus．(副词提前，全倒装)

B、Here he comes.(代词作主语，不倒装)

C、In front of the house lies a garden.(介词短语提前，全倒装)

D、Never shall I do this again.(否定词提前，部分倒装)

E、Young as he is ,he knows a lot.(让步状语从句，表语倒装)

F、Only when he told me did I realize what trouble he was in．(only 修饰状语，主句倒装)

G、Only he can save the patient.(only修饰主语．不倒装)

H、Not only will help be given to people,but also medical treatment will be provided.(否定词提前，部分倒装)

I、Not only he but also we like sports.(连接两个主语，不倒装)

五、虚拟语气

虚拟语气也是一个难点。所谓虚拟语气是表示说话人的愿望、假设、猜测或建议，而不表示客观存在的事实。它通过句子的谓语动词的特殊形式来表示。现归纳如下：纯假设，用虚拟，动词时态退一级：条件句，分主从，主句谓语前加would (should,could，might)；表愿望,用虚拟，wish后面接宾语(从句)：现在过去与将来，动词时态退一级：提建议，用虚拟，宾语(从句)动词用(should)do：俩建议，三要求，再加坚持与命令(suggest,advise,demand,require,request,insist,order)：It is time和eoukd rather,后接丛句用虚拟：部分主语从句中， 谓语用虚拟结构 (It is necessry /important/natural/natural/strange/strange that……should do)。 下面举例说明：

A、If you came tomorrow,we would have the metting. (条件句虚拟)

B、Without air,there would be no living things.(同上)

C、We wish we had arrived there two hours earlier.(表示愿望虚拟）

D、He demanded that we (should)start right away.(表示建议虚拟)

E、It is(high)time that we left (should leave)now．(特殊从句虚拟）

F、I would rather you gave me the book．(同上)

G、It is necessary that we should clean the room everyday，(主语从句虚拟)

H、He speaks English so fluently as if he were English． (特殊从句虚拟)

总之，语法是从语言实践中总结出来的规则，要边学边寻找规律，以提高学习效率。在学习中不能只记一些语法规则，要进行实践练习。通过练习，可以发现和纠正错误，而且有利于况固所学知识。

2017高考英语动词不定式专项知识点

《高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词》由留学英语组我整理(www.liuxue86.com)。本内容整理时间为05月12日，如有任何问题请联系我们。

高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词

2009-03-18 11:48 来源：互联网 作者：佚名 [打印] [评论]

情态动词有一定的词义, 表示某种感情或语气, 是不完全动词, 不能单独作谓语, 需和实义动词一起构成谓语. 常见的情态动词有: can / could, may / might, must, shall / should, will / would, need, ought to, dare / dared等

一.may / might的用法:

1.表示?可以?, 即表示说话人许可或请求许可

a. You may take it away.

b. May I come in ?

2.表示?可能, 也许? (在疑问句中通常不用may / might, 而用likely, do you think, can等表示?是否可能, 会不会?的意思)

a. He may come today.

b. Is it likely to rain ?

c. Do you think the train will be late ?

d. Can the news be true ?这消息会是真的吗?

3.在提建议时, 可用May I

a. May I carry your bag ?

b. May I make a suggestion ?

二.can / could的用法:

1.表示许可或请求许可, 相当于may. 但can比may用得更广泛. can不仅表示说话人同意, 准许, 还可以表示客观条件许可. may通常只表示说话人同意或准许

a. The class is over. You can go home now.

b. You can go there tomorrow.

c. Can I borrow your car for today ?

2.在提建议时, 可用Can I / you

a. Can I buy you a drink ?

3.表示?会, 能?, 相当于be able to

a. He can speak English.

b. Can you play tennis ?

c. Little Tom can?t move the big box.

4.在疑问句中表示怀疑, 不确定或不会有的情况, 即?否定的推测?

a. Can it be true ? 这是真的吗?

b. Can it be true that he has passed the exam ? 他真的通过考试了吗?

5.can?t / couldn?t在陈述句中可表示?肯定不, 一定不?的意思

a. He can?t be in the room right now.

b. It can?t have rained last night, for the ground is dry.

6.can?t / couldn?t help doing sth表示?不得不,忍不住做某事?

a. People couldn?t help laughing at the foolish emperor.

7.can / be able to do的区别:

①.be able to可用于各种时态, 而can只有现在时can和过去时could

②.be able to可以和另一个不完全动词连用, 如should be able to (应该能够), must be able to (必须能够)等, 而can则不可以这样用

③.强调?能力?时, 多用be able to

a. The patient was soon able to sit up and read.

④.can可用于人或其他事物作主语的句子中; be able to只用于有生命的名词或代词作主语的句子中

三.must的用法:

1.表示?必须?, 它的否定形式是need not / needn?t, 而不是must not / mustn?t, mustn?t表示禁止或不许做某事

a. You must set off at once.

b. You needn?t tell John about it.

c. You mustn?t play with fire.

2.表示?肯定是, 一定是?的推测意义; 与此对应, 表示?肯定不,一定不?用can?t, 而不用mustn?t

a. You must be very tired now.

b. If he had really been there, I must have seen him.

c. He must have gone away. We don?t see him anywhere.

3.must / have to的区别:

①.must / have to一般可以通用, 但must侧重于说话人主观上的看法, 即?说话人认为必须?; have to侧重于客观上的需要, 含有?客观上不得不?之意

a. If the person is not breathing, you must try to start his breathing.

b. You must / have to study with a teacher if you want to know how to do first aid.

②.must没有时态的变化, 一般用于表示现在或将来; have to有时态的变化, 可用于过去, 现在, 将来各种时态

a. We must study hard when we are young.

b. I think she must remain in hospital for a week.

c. We had to stay there for a whole day because of the rain.

d. We have to practise a lot if we want to speak English well.

e. The situation has changed; we will have to change our plan.

③.它们的否定式mustn?t / not have to有很大的不同: mustn?t表示?不要(做某事)?, 有禁止之意; not have to表示?不必要(做某事)?, 含有?客观上无此必要?之意

a. You mustn?t move a person if he is badly hurt.

b. You don?t have to be a doctor to do first aid.

四.would的用法:

1.表示主观意志和愿望, 即?愿意,想要?

a. Come here whenever you would.

b. He would not leave before he finished his work.

2.would do sth可以表示过去经常发生的动作, 相当于used to do sth

a. When we were children we would go swimming every summer.

b. On Sundays he would go fishing for hours when he lived in the countryside.

3.表示请求, 愿望, 语气客气, 委婉

a. I would like some tea.

b. Would you mind closing the door ?

c. Would you tell me something about your trip ?

4.表示推测, 表示?大概, 也许?的意思

a. That would be the pen you are looking for.那也许是你在找的笔吧

五.should的用法:

1.表示义务, 责任, 可译为?应当?

a. We should complete the text in time.

b. You should be so careless.

2.表示推测或推论, 可译为?可能, 应该是?

a. He should be home by now, I think.

b. He should have arrived in Nanjing by this time.

3.should / ought to的区别:

should / ought to一般可以通用. should侧重于说话人主观上的看法, 有时含有劝告, 建议的口气, 即 ?按我的想法应该如何?; ought to语气更强, 强调?有责任, 有义务做某事?或者 ?按道理应该如何?

a. ?I will start the work at once. I think you should start at once.?

b. ?I will start the work tomorrow. No. You ought to start at once.?

六.need的用法: need表示?需要?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作实义动词

1.need作实义动词时, 注意以下用法:

①.need to do sth; ②.need sb to do sth; ③.need doing sth (主动形式表被动意义)

a. You need to remain in bed.

b. I need you to help me with the housework.

c. The garden needs watering.( =The garden needs to be watered.)

2.need作情态动词时, 多用于否定句及疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. It is still early. You needn?t hurry. =You don?t need to hurry.

b. It is 11 o?clock. Need I go now? =Do I need to go now ?

3.对于用need的提问, 肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn?t

a. Need I come? Yes, you must. / No, you needn?t.

七.dare / dared的用法: 表示 ?敢?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作为实义动词

1.作为情态动词时, 主要用于否定句和疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. Little Jane dared not go alone. =Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Dare you go out alone at night ? =Did you dare to go out alone at night ?

2.作为实义动词时, 可用于: dare to do sth

a. Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Did you dare to go out alone at night ?

3.should / ought to的区别:

should / ought to一般可以通用. should侧重于说话人主观上的看法, 有时含有劝告, 建议的口气, 即 ?按我的想法应该如何?; ought to语气更强, 强调?有责任, 有义务做某事?或者 ?按道理应该如何?

a. ?I will start the work at once. I think you should start at once.?

b. ?I will start the work tomorrow. No. You ought to start at once.?

六.need的用法: need表示?需要?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作实义动词

1.need作实义动词时, 注意以下用法:

①.need to do sth; ②.need sb to do sth; ③.need doing sth (主动形式表被动意义)

a. You need to remain in bed.

b. I need you to help me with the housework.

c. The garden needs watering.( =The garden needs to be watered.)

2.need作情态动词时, 多用于否定句及疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. It is still early. You needn?t hurry. =You don?t need to hurry.

b. It is 11 o?clock. Need I go now? =Do I need to go now ?

3.对于用need的提问, 肯定回答用must, 否定回答用needn?t

a. Need I come? Yes, you must. / No, you needn?t.

七.dare / dared的用法: 表示 ?敢?, 既可作为情态动词, 也可作为实义动词

1.作为情态动词时, 主要用于否定句和疑问句中, 不用于肯定句中

a. Little Jane dared not go alone. =Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Dare you go out alone at night ? =Did you dare to go out alone at night ?

2.作为实义动词时, 可用于: dare to do sth

a. Little Jane didn?t dare to go alone.

b. Did you dare to go out alone at night ? 《高考英语总复习语法专项 情态动词》由留学英语组我整理(www.liuxue86.com)

高考英语中系动词的用法

1 不定式作宾语

　1) 动词+ 不定式

　afford, aim, appear, agree, arrange, ask, be, decide, bother, care, choose, come, dare, demand, desire, determine, expect, elect, endeavor, hope, fail, happen, help, hesitate, learn, long, mean, manage, offer, ought, plan, prepare, pretend, promise, refuse, seem, tend, wait, wish, undertake

　The driver failed to see the other car in time. 司机没能及时看见另一辆车。

　I happen to know the answer to your question. 我碰巧知道你那道问题的答案。

　2) 动词+不定式;动词+宾语+不定式

　ask, beg, choose, expect, hate, help intend like, love, need prefer, prepare, promise, want, wish

　I like to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢每件东西都保持整洁。

　I like you to keep everything tidy. 我喜欢你使每件东西都保持整洁。

　I want to speak to Tom. 我想和汤姆谈话。

　I want you to speak to Tom. 我想让你和汤姆谈话。

　3) 动词+疑问词+ to

　decide, know, consider forget, learn, remember, show, understand, see, wonder, hear, find out, explain, tell

　Please show us how to do that. 请演示给我们如何去做。

　There are so many kinds of tape-recorders on sale that I can't make up my mind which to buy.有这么多的录音机，我都拿不定主意买哪一种。

　注意

　疑问词带不定式在句中作成分时，谓语动词用单数。如：The question is how to put it into practice. 问题是怎样把它付诸实施。

　2. 不定式作补语

　1) 动词+宾语+不定式(to do)

　advise, allow, appoint, believe, cause, challenge, command, compel, consider, declare, drive, enable, encourage, find, forbid, force, guess, hire, imagine, impel, induce, inform, instruct, invite, judge, know, like, order, permit, persuade, remind, report, request, require, select, send, state, suppose, tell, think, train, trust, understand, urge, warn

　a.Father will not allow us to play on the street. 父亲不让我们在街上玩耍。

　b.We believe him to be guilty. 我们相信他是有罪的。

　Find 的特殊用法

　Find 后可用分词做宾补，或先加形式宾语，再加形容词，最后加带to 的动词不定式。find后也可带一个从句。此类动词还有get，have。

　I found him lying on the ground.

　I found it important to learn.

　I found that to learn English is important.

　典型例题

　The next morning she found the man ___ in bed，dead.

　A. lying B. lie C. lay D. laying

　答案：A.find的宾语后面，用分词或分词短语，起宾语补足语作用。现在分词表达主动，也表达正在进行，过去分词表达被动。

　2) to + be 的不定式结构，作补语的动词。

　acknowledge, believe, consider, think, declare(声称), discover, fancy(设想), feel, find, guess, judge, imagine, know, prove, see(理解), show, suppose, take(以为), understand

　We consider Tom to be one of the best students in our class. 我们认为汤姆是班上的学生之一。

　典型例题

　Charles Babbage is generally considered ___ the first computer.

　A. to invent B. inventing C. to have invented D. having invented

　答案：A. 由consider to do sth. 排除B、D。. 此句只说明发明这一个事实，不定式后用原形即可。而C为现在完成时，发明为点动词一般不用完成时，且此处也不强调对现在的影响，因此不选C。

　3) to be +形容词

　seem, appear, be said, be supposed, be believed, be thought, be known, be reported, hope, wish, desire, want, plan, expect, mean

　The book is believed to be uninteresting. 人们认为这本书没什么意思。

　4) there be+不定式

　believe, expect, intend, like, love, mean, prefer, want, wish, undrstand

　We didn't expect there to be so many people there. 我们没料到会有那么多人在哪里。 注意

　有些动词需用as 短语做补语，如regard, think believe, take, consider.

　We regard Tom as our best teacher. 我们认为汤姆是我们的老师。

　Mary took him as her father . 玛丽把他当作自己的父亲。

　3. 不定式作主语

　1) It's easy (for me) to do that. 我做这事太容易了。

　easy, difficult, hard, important, possible, impossible, comfortable, necessary, better; the first, the next, the last, the best, too much, too little, not enough

　It's so nice to hear your voice. 听到你的声音真高兴。

　It's necessary for you to lock the car when you do not use it. 当你不用车的时候，锁车是有必要的。

　2) It's very kind of you to help us. 他帮助我们，他真好。

　kind, nice, stupid, rude, clever, foolish, thoughtful, thoughtless, brave, considerate(考虑周到的), silly, selfish(自私的)

　It was silly of us to believe him. 我们真愚蠢，竟然相信了他。

　It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything. 他不给他们任何东西，这显得太自私了。 注意

　1) 其他系动词如，look，appear等也可用于此句型

　2) 不定式作为句子成分时，动词用单数形式。

　3) 当不定式作主语的句子中又有一个不定式作表语时，不能用It is? to?的句型

　(对)To see is to believe. 百闻不如一见。(错)It is to believe to see.

　It's for sb.和 It's of sb.

　1) for sb. 常用于表示事物的特征特点，表示客观形式的形容词，如easy, hard, difficult, interesting, impossible等：

　It's very hard for him to study two languages. 对他来说学两门外语是很难的。

　2) of sb的句型一般用表示人物的性格，品德，表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good, kind, nice, clever, foolish, right。

　It's very nice of you to help me. 你来帮助我，你真是太好了。

　for 与of 的辨别方法

　用介词后面的代词作主语，用介词前边的形容词作表语，造个句子。如果道理上通顺用of，不通则用for。如：You are nice. (通顺，所以应用of)。He is hard. (人是困难的，不通，因此应用for。)

　4. 不定式作表语

　不定式可放在be动词后面，形成表语。例如：

　My work is to clean the room every day.

　His dream is to be a doctor.

　5. 不定式作定语

　不定式做定语通常要放在被修饰的词后。例如：

　I have a lot of work to do.

　So he made some candles to give light.

　6. 不定式作状语

　1) 目的状语

　To? only to (仅仅为了), in order to, so as to, so(such)? as to? (如此?以便?) He ran so fast as to catch the first bus. 他飞快地跑以便赶上第一班车。

　I come here only to say good-bye to you. 我来仅仅是向你告别。

　2) 作结果状语，表事先没有预料到的，要放在句子后面。

　What have I said to make you angry.

　He searched the room only to find nothing.

　3) 表原因

　I'm glad to see you.

　典型例题

　The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very comfortable to ___.

　A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on

　答案：B. 如果不定式为不及物动词，其后应有必要的介词。当动词与介词连用时，常位于"形容词+动词不定式"结构的末尾。

　用作介词的to

　to 有两种用法：一为不定式+动词原形; 一为介词+名词/动名词, to 在下面的用法中是第二种，即to+ 名词/动名词：admit to承认，confess to承认，be accustomed to 习惯于，be used to 习惯于，stick to 坚持，turn to开始，着手于，devote oneself to 献身于，be devoted to 致力于， look forward to 盼望，pay attention to

　注意

　省to 的动词不定式

　1) 情态动词 ( 除ought 外，ought to)：

　2) 使役动词 let, have, make：

　3) 感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补，省略to。

　注意

　在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。

　I saw him dance. =He was seen to dance.

　The boss made them work the whole night.=They were made to work the whole night.

　4) would rather，had better：

　5) Why? / why not?：

　6) help 可带to，也可不带to, help sb (to) do sth：

　7) but和except：but前是动词do时，后面出现的动词用不带to的动词不定式。

　8) 由and, or和than连接的两个不定式，第二个to 可以省去：

　9) 通常在discover, imagine, suppose, think, understand等词后，可以省去to be：He is supposed (to be) nice. 他应该是个好人。举例：He wants to move to France and marry the girl. He wants to do nothing but go out. 比较：He wants to do nothing but go out. He wants to believe anything but to take the medicine.

　典型例题

　1) ---- I usually go there by train.

　---- Why not ___ by boat for a change?

　A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going

　答案：D. why not 后面接不带to 的不定式，因此选D。

　2) Paul doesn't have to be made ___. He always works hard.

　A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning

　答案：B. make后接不带to 的动词不定式，当其用于被动时，to 不可省略。

　动词不定式的否定式

　Tell him not to shut the window?

　She pretended not to see me when I passed by. 我走过的时候，她假装没看见。

　典型例题

　1) Tell him ___ the window.

　A. to shut not B. not to shut C. to not shut D. not shut

　答案：B。 tell sb to do sth 的否定形式为tell sb not to do sth.

　2) She pretended ___ me when I passed by.

　A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen

　答案：A。 pretend 后应接不定式。其否定形式为pretend not to do sth.。

　3) Mrs. Smith warned her daughter ___ after drinking.

　A. never to drive B. to never driver C. never driving D. never drive

　答案：A。warn sb to do sth. 的否定形式为warn sb not to do sth. 此处用的是否定词never.

　4) The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street，but his mother told him ____.

　A. not to B. not to do C. not do it D. do not to

　答案：A。not to 为not to do it 的省略形式。可以只用to这个词，而不必重复整个不定式词组。及物动词do后应有名词、代词等，否则不对，因此B，D不对。

　5) The patient was warned ___ oily food after the operation.

　A. to eat no B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating

　答案：C。warn一词要求后用不定式，此处为不定式的被动，否定形式为be warned not to do。 不定式的特殊句型too?to?

　1) too?to 太?以至于?

　He is too excited to speak. 他太激动了，说不出话来。

　---- Can I help you ? 需要我帮忙吗?

　---- Well, I'm afraid the box is too heavy for you to carry it, but thank you all the same. 不用了。这箱子太重，恐怕你搬不动。谢谢您。

　2) 如在too前有否定词，则整个句子用否定词表达肯定， too 后那个词表达一种委婉含义，意 为"不太"。

　It's never too late to mend. (谚语) 改过不嫌晚。

　3) 当too 前面有only, all, but时，意思是：非常? 等于very。

　I'm only too pleased to be able to help you. 我非常高兴能帮助你。

　He was but too eager to get home. 他非常想回家。

　不定式的特殊句型so as to

　1) 表示目的;它的否定式是so as not to do。

　Tom kept quiet about the accident so as not to lose his job. 汤姆对事故保持沉默是为了不丢掉他的工作。

　Go in quietly so as not to wake the baby. 轻点进去，别惊醒了婴儿。

　2) so kind as to ---劳驾

　Would you be so kind as to tell me the time? 劳驾，现在几点了。

　不定式的特殊句型Why not

　"Why not +动词原形"表达向某人提出建议，翻译为："为什么不" "干吗不"

　例如：Why not take a holiday? 干吗不去度假?

非谓语动词和谓语动词的相对时间关系 非谓语动词 相对谓语动词的时间意义 例句 一般式不定式 说明行为在谓语动词所表示的行为之后，多数是那些表愿望的词：want; hope; expect; wish等。 I want to go home. I hope to see you. 说明行为与谓语...